Multiple Sclerosis

Question 1

What neurological condition causes inflammatory demyelination of myelinated neurons?

Answer 1

MS

Question 2

What is a characteristic feature of MS lesions?

Answer 2

Disseminated in time and space

I.e they change location over time

Question 3

MS can present in multiple ways, including: (6)

Answer 3

Optic neuritis

Eye movement abnormalities

Focal weakness e.g Bell’s palsy, horners syndrome

Focal sensory problems e.g numbness

Lhermitte’s sign (electric shock sensation down back when flexing neck)

Ataxia (unable to coordinate movements)

Question 4

What two investigations can be done for MS and what do they show?

Answer 4

MRI head and spine (peri ventricular lesions in the brain)

Lumbar puncture (oligoclonal bands)

Question 5

What is seen in lumbar puncture in someone with MS?

Answer 5

Oligoclonal bands

Question 6

What are 4 features of optic neuritis?

Answer 6

Central scotoma (enlarged blind spot)

Pain on eye movement

RAPD

Impaired colour vision

Will also accept:
Reduced visual acuity
Optic disc swelling

Question 7

What is optic neuritis treated with?

Answer 7

IV methylprednisolone

Question 8

What drug is used to treat relapses of MS?

Answer 8

Methylprednisolone