Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
1
Q
Define MS
A
A chronic, demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterised by an inflammatory process and causing widespread degeneration of the CNS, gradually resulting in severe neurological defect
2
Q
Describe the pathophysiology of MS
A
Disruption of blood-brain-barrier Leakage of inflammatory cells Destruction of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheath Disruption of nerve signals Plaques can form throughout CNS
3
Q
Give the 4 types of MS
A
Silent/ benign
Relapsing/ remitting
Primary progressive
Secondary progressive
4
Q
Give 5 signs and symptoms of MS
A
Visual problems Spasticity Ataxia Dizziness/ poor balance Psychological disturbance Decreased intellectual function Fatigue
5
Q
What is defined as an MS relapse
A
Must last at least 24 hours
Objective findings must be present
Not a temporary worsening due to fever or infection
Onset must be at least 30 days after onset of any prior attack
6
Q
What drugs are used to treat symptoms?
A
Antispasmodics - Baclofen, Tizanidine Neuropathic pain - gabapentin Anti-depressants Analgesia Anti-cholinergics - bladder problems
7
Q
Give 2 outcome measures
A
Function/ participation - MSIS - 29
Impact of MS on walking - MSWS - 12
Functional reach test
