Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
The immune system attacks the myelin sheath of the nerves, disrupting communication pathways between the brain and body.
What are some risk factors for Multiple Sclerosis?
Family history, smoking, infection, Epstein Bar virus, other autoimmune disorders, exact cause often unknown.
Where in the body is Multiple Sclerosis located?
Located in the brain, optic nerve, all nerves throughout the body, spinal cord, and the CNS.
Where in the hospital is Multiple Sclerosis typically treated?
Often on the neuro floor.
What are common signs and symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis?
Tiredness, pain, impaired mobility, ADL issues, vision changes, numbness/tingling, constipation, difficulty walking, impaired bladder function, speech impairments.
What are the diagnostic tests used for Multiple Sclerosis?
MRI, lumbar puncture, blood tests, neurological examination, and evoked potential test.
What does an MRI show in a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?
Sclerotic plaques and white matter lesions.
What is often found in the CSF of a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?
Increased protein and mildly increased WBCs.
What complications can arise from Multiple Sclerosis?
Mobility issues, body image issues, muscle stiffness or spasms, neurogenic bladder and bowel problems, depression, cognitive impairment, increased risk for infections, progression of disabilities, increased UTIs and pneumonia.
What are some treatment options for Multiple Sclerosis?
Interferons, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, lifestyle modifications, acupuncture, yoga, massage, and skeletal muscle relaxants like Baclofen.
Fill in the blank: The immune system attacks the _______ sheath of the nerves in Multiple Sclerosis.
myelin
True or False: The exact cause of Multiple Sclerosis is always known.
False
What lifestyle modifications can help manage Multiple Sclerosis?
Balanced diet, stress management, and adequate rest.
What type of bladder issues can Multiple Sclerosis cause?
Neurogenic bladder.
What type of therapy may provide relief for Multiple Sclerosis patients other than traditional medications?
Acupuncture, yoga, and massage.
