multiculturalism midterm Flashcards
New Jersey Study
With regard to arrests, 73.2% of those stopped and arrested were black, while only 13.5% of the cars on the road had a black driver or passenger. Lambert notes that the disparity between these two numbers “is statistically vast.”
Maryland State Police Study
More importantly, Lamberth’s analysis found that although 17.5% of the population violating the traffic code on the road he studied was black, more than 72% of those stopped and searched were black.
In more than 80% of the cases, the person stopped and searched was a member of some racial minority.
The 1996 decision in Whren v. United States upheld
the practice of using race as a factor in officer decisions to stop and search a suspect, and furthered the work of Terry to apply explicitly to interactions between an officer and a motorist. Whren upheld the practice of stopping a vehicle under the pretext of a traffic violation but with the intent to investigate for other, perhaps non-related, law violations;
Over time, the impact of Whren on officer practice was an allowance of a form of
“soft profiling,” deeming that stops made in part on the basis of a suspect’s race are not a violation of the Fourth Amendment.
1 in 3 black boys will be touched by the criminal justice system by either: jail/prison/probation or parole/
There is a 3 pronged explanation for these facts:
NEED TO KNOW ALL THIS
Factors (mostly environmental):
Disadvantaged childhoods (lack of financial resources)
Child abuse
Unstable Home Lives
Bad education (educational system) and lack of tailored ed
Lack of “employable skills” (employment opportunities)
Drug and alcohol dependencies
Policing practices:
Racial profiling
Emphasizing drug arrests in inner-city neighborhoods
Legislative policies:
War on drugs
Crack cocaine sentencing laws
Three strikes laws
colorism
the darker the skin is the more they will be targeted
Southern strategy
it was the flip in the political system. This played into white fevers. God guns and country
Lens in the justice suystem
punishment
deterrent
rehabiitation
Baltimore Maryland study
Outcome: driving while black
Intention: figure out the race of people being pulled over compared to the per capita pop
stategic decision that lead to disproportionality
focus on supply on drugs instead of demand and approeachs drug abuse as a moral prob instead of public health
Tactical dcisions that leads to disport
police decisiojs to emphasis arrest of street level dealers and legistlative decisions for breathalizers
racial disparities that we see are because of
war on drugs
the symbolic assailant
person who is seen in training videos
police discretion
the gifting and the curse. Can lead to discretion abuse
racial profiling
The innapropraite use of race etnicty or national origions rather than behavior or individualised sus or focus on idividual for investogation
