Multicellular Organisms - Absorption of Materials Flashcards
trachea
the lungs
tube connecting the larynx with the bronchi and allowing entry and exit of air to and from the lungs
bronchus
the lungs
branch of the trachea that allow air to enter and leave the lung
cartilage
the lungs
tough material laid down in incomplete rings around the trachea for support
alviolus
the lungs
tiny air sac with a thin lining that allows efficient gas exchange with the blood stream
alviolus
why it is good at its job
- they are numerous, and have a bulbous shape which increases surface area for gas exchange
- each alviolus is surrounded by a dense network of blood capillaries
- layer of moisture allows for faster diffusion
- the lining of the alviolus is very thin allowing for faster diffusion
cilia
the lungs
hair-like projections on inner surface of the trachea that sweeps dirty mucus upwards, away from the lungs
mucus
the lungs
sticky substance secreated by cells lining the trachea that traps dirt and microorganisms
small intestine
function
to absord end products of digestion through its walls and pass them into the circulatory system
small intestine
why it is good at its job
- it is long
- its internal surface is folded and has finger-like projections (called villi) to increase surface area
villus
the small intestine
one of many finger-like projections that increase the absorbing surface of the small intestine
villus
why it is good at its job
- covered in a cellular lining only one cell thick so soluble products of digestion can diffuse through rapidly
- dense network of capillaries which glucose and amino acids can diffuse into
- contains tiny lymphatic vessel called lacteal that collects the products of fat digestion and passes them into the lymphatic system
lacteal
villi (small intestine)
tiny lymph vessel inside a villus that absorbs fatty acids and glycerol
