Cell Biology - Functions of Proteins

Question 1

Types of Proteins

Answer 1

• structural proteins
• hormones
• antibodies
• receptors
• enzymes

Question 2

Structural proteins

Answer 2

Form essential structural support to cells and tissue eg. Cell membrane

Question 3

Hormones

Answer 3

chemicals that are produced in one part of the body and carried in the blood to another part of the body where they bring about an effect

Question 4

Antibodies

Answer 4

Antibodies are made by white blood cells and they help to fight against disease as well as being specific to the infection that they work against.

Question 5

Receptors

Answer 5

act as a binding site for molecules

Question 6

Enzymes

Answer 6

speed up the rate of cellular reactions while remaining unchanged (natural catalyst)

Question 7

Specificity

Answer 7

As the active site of an enzyme is only complimentary to the shape of one substrate, enzymes are said to be specific

Question 8

Two types of enzyme reaction

Answer 8

• degradation
• synthesis

Question 9

An enzyme reaction which joins 2 or more molecules into one is a _________ reaction

Answer 9

Synthesis

Question 10

An enzyme reaction which breaks down a large molecule into 2 or more smaller molecules is a ___________ reaction

Answer 10

Degradation

Question 11

HPCOW

Answer 11

Hydrogen peroxide broken down by catalase into oxygen and water

Question 12

G1PPS

Answer 12

Glucose-1-phosphate built up by phosphorylase into starch

Question 13

SAM

Answer 13

Starch broken down by amylase into maltose sugar