Multicellular Organisms - 2.6 Transport systems – animals

Question 1

What does a mammal’s blood consist of ?

Answer 1

Plasma
Red Blood cells
White blood cells

Question 2

What does blood transport ?

Answer 2

oxygen
carbon dioxide
nutrients

Question 3

What are three structural adaptations of red blood cells ?

Answer 3

1. they have a biconcave shape
2. they have no nucleus
3. they have lots of haemoglobin molecules

Question 4

Red blood cells transport oxygen efficiently in the form of ….. ?

Answer 4

oxyhaemoglobin

Question 5

What are white blood cells ?

Answer 5

White blood cells are a part of the immune system and are involved in destroying pathogens

Question 6

What are pathogens ?

Answer 6

are disease-causing micro- organisms

(bacteria, viruses, fungi)

Question 7

How many main types of white blood cells are involved in destroying pathogens ?

Answer 7

2

Question 8

What do pathogens carry out ?

Answer 8

phagocytosis by engulfing pathogens

Question 9

What do lymphocytes produce which destroys ….. ?

Answer 9

produces antibodies

destroys pathogens

Question 10

What is each antibody specific to ?

Answer 10

a particular pathogen

Question 11

What is the function of the right atrium ?

Answer 11

collects deoxygenated blood from the vena cava and passes it to the right ventricle

Question 12

What is the function of the left atrium ?

Answer 12

collects oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and passes it to the left ventricle

Question 13

What is the function of the right ventricle ?

Answer 13

collects deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it through the pulmonary artery

Question 14

What is the function of the left ventricle ?

Answer 14

collects oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it through the aorta

Question 15

What is the function of the 4 heart valves ?

Answer 15

to prevent back flow of blood

Question 16

What is the function of the aorta ?

Answer 16

Aorta accepts oxygenated blood pumped at high pressure by the left ventricle and distributes it to the body

Question 17

What is the function of the vena cava ?

Answer 17

collects deoxygenated blood oozing at low pressure through the veins of the body and passes this blood to the right atrium

Question 18

What is the function of the pulmonary vein ?

Answer 18

collects oxygenated blood oozing at low pressure from the lungs and passes this blood to the left atrium

Question 19

What is the function of the pulmonary artery ?

Answer 19

accepts deoxygenated blood pumped at high pressure by the right ventricle and distributed into the lungs

Question 20

What is the function of the coronary artery ?

Answer 20

accepts oxygenated blood pumped at high pressure by the left ventricle and distributes it to the heart muscle itself

Question 21

What are the features of the arteries

Answer 21

• thick muscular walls
• narrow central channel
• carry blood under high pressure away from the heart

Question 22

What are the feature of veins ?

Answer 22

• thinner walls
• a wider channel
• carry blood under pressure back towards the heart

Question 23

What do veins contain ?

Answer 23

Valves to prevent backflow of blood