Multi-store model of memory and types of long term memory Flashcards
who proposed the multistage model of memory?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
what are the three stores they said the MSM is made up of?
-sensory register
-short term memory
-long-term memory
what happens to information in the sensory register?
the sensory register is where all sensory information from the environment is passed into or held
what are the five senses our body detects?
-haptic (touch)
-echoic (sound)
-iconic (sight)
-olfactory (smell)
-gustatory (taste)
what is coding?
coding is how the memory is stored. e.g acoustic, visual or semantic
what is capacity?
capacity refers to how much data can be held in the memory store
what is duration?
duration is how long a memory is held within a store
what does coding in the sensory register depend on?
depends on the sense involved, therefore is modality-specific
example of the SR being modality specific?
-iconic memory is the register/store for coding visual information
-echoic memory is the register/store coding for acoustic (sound) information
Capacity of the sensory register?
very high capacity
what is the duration of the sensory register?
milliseconds
what happens if attention is paid to the information passing into the SR?
it can then be passed onto the STM
what is information used for in the short term memory?
it is used for present and immediate tasks
coding for the STM?
acoustic
capacity of the STM?
limited, ‘millers magic number 7’- the sum can hold 7 items at once + or -2
what is the duration of the STM?
around 18 seconds (unless info is rehearsed)
what are the two types of rehearsal?
maintenance and elaborative
what is maintenance rehearsal?
surface level repetition of the information (e.g repeating a phone number in your head)
what is elaborative rehearsal?
it involved deeper processing (e.g learning lines for a play)
what is the LTM?
is a permanent memory store of past events or items
what is the coding for the LTM?
information in the LTM is coded semantically
what is the capacity for the LTM?
unlimited
what is the duration of the LTM?
lifetime/years, but items in the LTM are prone to forgetting
