Mucosal Immunity Flashcards
Where are the 5 main sites of lymphoid tissue in the GI tract?
Adenoid Tonsils Appendix Peyer's Patch Large intestine
Why does the GI tract need such a good immune response?
Vulnerable and fragile and is in constant contact with foreign pathogens
What are the 5 types of cells that prevent the bacteria in the gut interacting with the lamina propria of the gut wall and therefore entering the blood?
Enteroabsorptive cells Goblet cells Neuroendocrine cells Paneth cells Microfold Cells
What is the difference between the small and large intestine?
Small Intestine has Villi Crypts Goblet cells Paneth cells
Large intestine has NO villi Crypts More goblet cells NO Paneth cells Higher bacterial load
What is the role of Paneth cells in the gut?
They release antimicrobial peptides
Where are immune cells found in the gut?
Peyer’s patches and lamina propria
The colon has less immune-linked cells than the small intestine, how does it protect itself?
Double mucous layer, innermost layer is sterile
Natural Killer cells are more common in the small or large intestine?
Large
What produces antimicrobial peptides in the large intestine?
Enterocytes
How does the gut prevent infection
It captures the antigen
Initiates a local immune response
Carries out effector functions to clear infections
Which cells are the main cells in the enteric immune response?
Intestinal epithelial associated - innate immunity, antigen capture and effector function
Peyer’s patches and lymphoid follicles- antigen capture and initiation
Lamina propria- effector cells
What is the role of organised lymphoid tissue in the gut?
Initiation of immune response via drainage to mesenteric lymph nodes
What is another name for the lymphoid tissue of the GI tract?
GALT
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
What is the genetic susceptibility of Coeliac disease
HLADQ2/HLADQ8
What can coeliac disease damage in the gut?
Villi - Loss of villi and atrophy in the villi reduces absorption
Scalloping in the intestine
