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Gastrointestinal > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Which organs are retroperitoneal?

A

SAD PUCKER

  • *S**uprarenal gland (adrenals)
  • *A**orta/IVC
  • *D**uodenum (2nd and 3rd part)
  • *P**ancreas (apart from tail)
  • *U**reters
  • *C**olon (ascending and descending)
  • *K**idneys
  • *E**osophagus
  • *R**ectum
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2
Q

What are the muscles involved in guarding?

A

Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Parietal peritoneum

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3
Q

What is the role of the omenta?

A

Divides the peritoneal cavity into a greater sac and lesser sac.

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4
Q

How does the greater sac and lesser sac of the peritoneum communicate?

A

Through the omental foramen

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5
Q

Where does the portal triad lie?

A

The free edge of the lesser omentum

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6
Q

What is the other name of the pouch of douglas and where is it?

A

The retro-uterine pouch

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7
Q

How many pouches do women and men have in their pelvic area?

A

Men have one (Rectovesical)

Women have two (Rectouterine and uterovesical)

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8
Q

Which sac are the pouches of the pelvis part of?

A

The greater sac

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9
Q

What is the role of the abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves?

A

They are the pre-ganglionic nerve fibres of the sympathetic system that supply the abdominal organs

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10
Q

What is the role of the vagus nerve?

A

It is the parasympathetic nerve supply to the foregut and midgut.

Excluding the descending colon and pelvic organs etc.

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11
Q

What is the role of the pelvic splanchnic nerve?

A

It is the parasympathetic nerve supply to the pelvic organs descending &sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal.

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12
Q

Where do the pain fibres of the foregut enter the spinal cord?

A

T6-T9

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13
Q

Where do the pain fibres of the midgut enter the spinal cord?

A

T8-T12

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14
Q

Where do the pain fibres of the hindgut enter the spinal cord?

A

T10-T12

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15
Q

What are the 3 midline branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

The celiac trunk
Superior Mesenteric artery
Inferior Mesenteric artery

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16
Q

At which level on the spine do the sympathetic nerve fibres for the adrenal gland leave?

A

T10-L1

17
Q

What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk?

A

Hepatic artery
Left gastric artery
Splenic artery

18
Q

What are the 4 main blood vessels that supply the stomach

A

Left and right gastric arteries
Left and right gastro-omental arteries

19
Q

What are the 4 anatomical segments of the liver?

A

Right lobe
Left lobe
Quadrate lobe
Caudate lobe

20
Q

How many functional liver segments are there?

A

8
There is no relationship between the 4 lobes and the 8 segments

21
Q

What are the two main peritoneal cavities near the liver?

A 
Hepatorenal recess (Morison’s pouch) (inferior)
Subphrenic recess (superior)
22
Q

Which vessel drains blood into the hepatic portal vein from the foregut?

A

Splenic vein

23
Q

Which vessel drains blood into the hepatic portal vein from the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric vein

24
Q

Which vessel drains blood into the hepatic portal vein from the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

25
Q

Which blood vessels from the liver drain into the IVC? And where does the IVC drain to?

A

The hepatic veins drain into the IVC which takes the blood to the right atrium

26
Q

What is the name of the ligament thats attach the liver to the diaphragm?

A

The coronary ligaments?

27
Q

What is the name of the ligament which splits the right and left lobe and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?

A

The falciform ligament

28
Q

Name the different parts of the biliary tree starting from the liver.

A

Right and left hepatic ducts
Common hepatic duct
Gall bladder
Cystic duct
Common bile duct
Pancreatic duct
Ampulla of vater
Sphincter of Oddi
2nd part of the duodenum

29
Q

What are the four sections of the pancreas?

A

Head, neck, body and tail

30
Q

What are the 4 sections of the duodenum?

A

Superior, descending, inferior, ascending

31
Q

Which ribs protect the liver and spleen?

A

Liver 7-11

Spleen 9-11

32
Q

What is the name for the folds of the small intestine?

A

Plicae circularis

33
Q

What are the main lymph nodes in the abdomen?

A 
Celiac (foregut organs)
Superior mesenteric (midgut organs)
Inferior mesenteric (hindgut organs)
Lumbar (kidneys, posterior abdo wall, pelvis and lower limbs)
34
Q

Where does the arterial and venous blood of the liver mix?

A

Sinusoids (fenestrated capillaries)

35
Q

What are your gonads?

A

Sex glands

Gastrointestinal (26 decks)

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