MT Ch. 6-Blood Flashcards by Brooke Graham

plasma

watery substance that holds blood cells; transports substances

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what are erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets called as a whole?

formed elements

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erythrocytes

red blood cells; transport substances

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leukocytes

white blood cells; protect body from foreign bacteria

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thrombocytes

platelets(fragments); aid in clotting

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hematopoiesis

process by which blood cells are produced in red bone marrow

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hemostasis

blood-clotting process; platelets agglutinate when a vessel is damaged, release thromboplastin which reacts with prothrombin to form thrombin, which in turn converts fibrinogen to fibrin that creates a clot

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agglutinate

clump together

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thromboplastin

substance released by platelets to help form a blood clot

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prothrombin

clotting protein in the blood that reacts with thromboplastin to form thrombin

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thrombin

converts fibrinogen to fibrin to create a blood clot

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fibrin

becomes the meshlike blood clot

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blood typing

test to determine an individual’s blood type to see if the donated blood

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ABO system

has two blood cell markers-A and B, with 4 possible blood types

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type A blood

has only the A marker; produces anti-B antibodies that attack type B blood

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type B blood

has only the B marker; produces anti-A antibodies that attack type A blood

type O blood

has no markers; produces antibodies that attack all other blood types. universal donor

Rh factor

determines whether or not you are Rh+ or Rh-

Rh+

Rh factor is present; will not produce anti-Rh antibodies. can receive both Rh+ and Rh- blood

Rh-

Rh factor is not present; will produce anti-Rh antibodies. can only receive Rh- blood

hematic

pertaining to blood

lymphocyte

leukocyte formed in lymphatic tissue

hematology

branch of medicine specializing in treatment of diseases and conditions of the blood

coagulate

convert from a liquid to a gel or solid, as in blood coagulation

hematoma

collection of blood under the skin when the vessels are damaged. aka bruise

hemophilia

hereditary blood disease where blood takes longer to clot

septicemia

having bacteria or toxins in the bloodstream. aka blood poisoning

anemia

characterized by reduction of RBC or amount of hemoglobin, resulting in less oxygen reaching the tissues

blood culture and sensitivity

C&S; sample of blood incubated in the lab to check for bacterial growth. if present, they are tested to determine which medicines they are sensitive to.

complete blood count

CBC; combination of blood tests including RBC, WBC, Hgb, Hct, WBC differential, and platelet count

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

ESR; blood test to determine rate that mature RBC's settle out of blood after an anticoagulant is added. indicates inflammatory disease

hematocrit

blood test to measure volume of RBC's in the total volume of blood

hemoglobin

blood test to measure amount of hemoglobin in the blood

prothrombin time

PT; measure of blood's coagulation abilities by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin activation

phlebotomy

incision into a vein to remove blood for diagnostic test. aka venipuncture

plasmapheresis

removal of plasma from the body without depleting formed elements. whole blood is removed, cells and plasma are separated, and cells are returned to patient with a donor plasma transfusion

anticoagulant

substance that prevents blood clot formations. aka blood thinners heparin, HepLock, warfarin, Coumadin