MT Ch. 3-integumentary Flashcards
0
Q
Hair & Function
A
Provides some protection and associate with sensory receptors
1
Q
Skin & Function
A
Protective barrier that regulates temp., houses sensory receptors, and secretes sweat and sebum
2
Q
Nail Function
A
Covers and protects tips of digits
3
Q
Two Alternate Names for Skin
A
Integument and cutaneous membrane
4
Q
Skin’s Accessory Organs
A
Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair, and nails
5
Q
Primary function of skin
A
Protection and a two-way barrier that keeps pathogens and harmful chemicals out
6
Q
Sensory Receptors
A
Detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure and are located in the skin
7
Q
Sweat glands & alternate name
A
Sudoriferous glands Help maintain body temperature by trying to cool down
8
Q
Sebaceous glands
A
Produce sebum that lubricates skin surface
9
Q
Epidermis
A
Thin, outer skin layer
10
Q
Dermis & alternate name
A
A.k.a. Corium (true skin) Middle, fibrous connective tissue layer -living tissue with blood supply
11
Q
Subcutaneous layer & abbreviation
A
Subcu or Subq Innermost fatty tissue layer A.k.a hypodermis
12
Q
What tissue is the epidermis?
A
Stratified squamous epithelium -flat, scale like cells arranged in overlapping layers
13
Q
Basal layer
A
Deepest layer of the epidermis -scales continually grow and multiply, pushing old cells toward surface of skin
14
Q
Keratin
A
Hard protein that fills the dead cells as they are pushed to the surface and allow the skin to act as a waterproof barrier
15
Q
Melanocytes
A
Special cells in the basal layer that produce melanin
16
Q
Melanin
A
Black pigment responsible for skin color and protection from UV rays
17
Q
Collagen fibers
A
Strong, fibrous protein in connective tissue that forms a flexible glue that gives connective tissue its strength
18
Q
Lipocytes
A
Fat cells that make up the subcutaneous layer -protect deep tissues and act as insulation
19
Q
Apocrine glands
A
Sweat glands in pubic and underarm areas that secrete thicker sweat that produces odor when it comes into contact with skin bacteria
20
Q
Cutaneous
A
Pertaining to the skin
21
Q
Dermal
A
Pertaining to the skin
22
Q
Epidermal
A
Pertaining to upon the skin
23
Q
Hypodermic
A
Pertaining to under the skin
24
Intradermal
Pertaining to within the skin
25
Subcutaneous
Pertaining to under the skin
26
Ungual
Pertaining to the nails
27
Abrasion
Scraping away of skin surface by friction
28
Anhidrosis
Abnormal condition of no sweat
29
Comedo
Collection of hardened sebum in follicle, aka a blackhead
30
Contusion
Injury caused by a blow to the body where the skin is not broken
31
Cyanosis
Bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood
32
Cyst
Fluid-filled sac under the skin
33
Depigmentation
Loss of normal skin color or pigment
34
Diaphoresis
Profuse sweating
35
Ecchymosis
Abnormal condition of skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin after a blow aka a bruise
36
Erythema
Redness or flushing of the skin
37
Erythroderma
Condition of having red or flushed skin
38
Eschar
Thick layer of dead tissue and fluid that develops over a burn
39
Fissure
Crack-like lesion or groove on the skin
40
Hirsutism
Excessive hair growth
41
Hyperemia
Redness of skin due to increased blood flow
42
Hyperhydrosis
Abnormal condition of excessive sweat
43
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive skin pigments
44
Ichthyoderma
Condition of scaly dry skin
45
Lesion
General term for wound, injury, or abnormality
46
Leukoderma
Skin that appears white because pigment is absent
47
Lipoma
Fatty mass
48
Macule
Flat discolored area on skin Ex) freckle or birthmark
49
Necrosis
Abnormal condition of death
50
Nevus
Pigmented skin blemish such as a birthmark or mole that is usually benign but could be cancerous
51
Nodule
Firm solid mass of cells in the skin larger than 0.5 cm
52
Onychomalacia
Abnormal softening of the nail
53
Pallor
Abnormal paleness of the skin
54
Papule
Small circular raised spot on surface of skin less than 0.5 cm
55
Petechiae
Pinpoint purple or red spots from skin hemorrhages
56
Photosensitivity
Skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light
57
Pruritis
Severe itching
58
Purpura
Hemorrhages in the skin due to fragile blood vessels, common in older adults
59
Purulent
Containing pus or an infection that is producing pus
60
Pustule
Raised spot on the skin that contains pus
61
Pyoderma
Presence of pus on or in the skin
62
Scleroderma
Skin becomes hardened
63
Seborrhea
Oily discharge
64
Suppurative
Containing or producing pus
65
Ulcer
Open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane
66
Urticaria
Skin eruption of reddish wheals with severe itching, aka hives
67
Vesicle
Small fluid filled raised spot on the skin aka blister
68
Wheal
Small round swollen area on the skin typically seen with allergic reactions
69
Xeroderma
Condition in which the skin is abnormally dry
70
Abscess
Collection of pus in the skin
71
Acne
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
72
Acne rosacea
Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels primarily on cheeks and nose
73
Albinism
Body is unable to make melanin, characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils
74
Basal cell carcinoma
Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, typically arises on sun exposed skin and does not spread -BCC
75
First degree burn
Superficial layer and skin is reddened
76
Second degree burn
Partial thickness with red skin and blisters
77
Third degree burn
Full thickness and charring
78
Cellulitis
Inflammation of connective tissue found in skin
79
Rule of Nines
Determines percentage of body burned by dividing the body into sections
80
Decubitus ulcer
Open sore caused by pressure that cuts off Aka bedsore or pressure sore
81
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
82
Dermatosis
General term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition
83
Dry gangrene
Late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled
84
Eczema
Superficial dermatitis accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting
85
Gangrene
Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient to blood supply
86
Ichthyosis
Abnormal condition in which the skin is dry and scaly
87
Impetigo
Highly infectious bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and crust over
88
Kaposi's sarcoma
Skin cancer frequently in aids patients, brownish-purple papules that spread to internal organs
89
Keloid
Raised and thickened scar after injury or surgery
90
Keratosis
Any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis
91
Laceration
Torn or jagged wound
92
Malignant melanoma
Skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, can quickly spread
93
Pediculosis
Lice infestation
94
Psoriasis
Papules forming "silvery scale" patches with circular borders
95
Rubella
Contagious viral skin infection Aka German measles
96
Scabies
Egg laying mite burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching
97
Sebaceous cyst
Cyst filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland and may need to be excised
98
Cicatrix
Scar
99
Squamous cell carcinoma
Cancer of the epidermis layer of skin that may spread to deeper tissue, often starts as a sore that won't heal
100
Strawberry hemangioma
Collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a fee months after birth
101
Systemic lupus erythematosis
Chronic disease of connective tissue characterized by red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose. Autoimmune condition
102
Tinea
Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions
103
Tinea capitis
Fungal infection of scalp aka ringworm
104
Tinea pedis
Fungal infection of foot aka athletes foot
105
Varicella
Contagious viral skin infection aka chickenpox
106
Verruca
Benign growth caused by a virus that is removed by chemicals aka warts
107
Vitiligo
Absence of skin pigment, also called leukoderma
108
Wet gangrene
area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria
109
Alopecia
Loss of hair aka baldness
110
Carbuncle
Furuncle involving several hair follicles
111
Furuncle
Bacterial infection of a hair follicle, redness pain and swelling. Aka boil
112
Trichomyosis
Abnormal condition of hair fungus
113
Onychia
Infected nail bed
114
Onychomycosis
Abnormal condition of nail fungus
115
Onychophagia
Nail biting
116
Paronychia
Infection of skin fold around a nail
117
Culture and sensitivity test
Removal of bacteria from an infection, growing it to identify the bacteria and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics
118
Biopsy
Piece of tissue removed by syringe to examine under a microscope to aid diagnosis
119
Exfoliative cytology
Scraping cells from tissue and examining under a microscope
120
Frozen section
Piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for examination under a microscope
121
Fungal scrapings
Scrapings from lesions that are placed on a growth medium and examined to identify fungal growth
122
Allograft
Skin graft from one person to another
123
Autograft
Skin graft from a person' sown body
124
Dermatome
Instrument for cutting the skin
125
Dermatoplasty
Transplanting skin
126
Xenograft
Graft from an animal of another species (usually pig)
127
Cauterization
Destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric currents,heat, or freezing
128
Cryosurgery
Use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue
129
Curettage
Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette (instrument shaped like a spoon)
130
Debridement
Removal of foreign material and dead tissue from wound
131
Electrocautery
Destroy tissue with an electric current
132
Onychectomy
Removal of a nail
133
Chemabrasion
Abrasion using chemicals aka chemical peel
134
Dermabrasion
Abrasion using wire brushes or sandpaper
135
Rhytidectomy
Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles aka facelift
136
Antipruritic
Reduces severe itching
137
Deepest layer of the epidermis -scales continually grow and multiply, pushing old cells toward surface of skin
Basal layer
138
Hard protein that fills the dead cells as they are pushed to the surface and allow the skin to act as a waterproof barrier
Keratin
139
Special cells in the basal layer that produce melanin
Melanocytes
140
Black pigment responsible for skin color and protection from UV rays
Melanin
141
Strong, fibrous protein in connective tissue that forms a flexible glue that gives connective tissue its strength
Collagen fibers
142
Fat cells that make up the subcutaneous layer -protect deep tissues and act as insulation
Lipocytes
143
Sweat glands in pubic and underarm areas that secrete thicker sweat that produces odor when it comes into contact with skin bacteria
Apocrine glands
144
Pertaining to the skin
Cutaneous
145
Pertaining to the skin
Dermal
146
Pertaining to upon the skin
Epidermal
147
Pertaining to under the skin
Hypodermic
148
Pertaining to within the skin
Intradermal
149
Pertaining to under the skin
Subcutaneous
150
Pertaining to the nails
Ungual
151
Scraping away of skin surface by friction
Abrasion
152
Abnormal condition of no sweat
Anhidrosis
153
Collection of hardened sebum in follicle, aka a blackhead
Comedo
154
Injury caused by a blow to the body where the skin is not broken
Contusion
155
Bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood
Cyanosis
156
Fluid-filled sac under the skin
Cyst
157
Loss of normal skin color or pigment
Depigmentation
158
Profuse sweating
Diaphoresis
159
Abnormal condition of skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin after a blow aka a bruise
Ecchymosis
160
Redness or flushing of the skin
Erythema
161
Condition of having red or flushed skin
Erythroderma
162
Thick layer of dead tissue and fluid that develops over a burn
Eschar
163
Crack-like lesion or groove on the skin
Fissure
164
Excessive hair growth
Hirsutism
165
Redness of skin due to increased blood flow
Hyperemia
166
Abnormal condition of excessive sweat
Hyperhydrosis
167
Excessive skin pigments
Hyperpigmentation
168
Condition of scaly dry skin
Ichthyoderma
169
General term for wound, injury, or abnormality
Lesion
170
Skin that appears white because pigment is absent
Leukoderma
171
Fatty mass
Lipoma
172
Flat discolored area on skin Ex) freckle or birthmark
Macule
173
Abnormal condition of death
Necrosis
174
Pigmented skin blemish such as a birthmark or mole that is usually benign but could be cancerous
Nevus
175
Firm solid mass of cells in the skin larger than 0.5 cm
Nodule
176
Abnormal softening of the nail
Onychomalacia
177
Abnormal paleness of the skin
Pallor
178
Small circular raised spot on surface of skin less than 0.5 cm
Papule
179
Pinpoint purple or red spots from skin hemorrhages
Petechiae
180
Skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light
Photosensitivity
181
Severe itching
Pruritis
182
Hemorrhages in the skin due to fragile blood vessels, common in older adults
Purpura
183
Containing pus or an infection that is producing pus
Purulent
184
Raised spot on the skin that contains pus
Pustule
185
Presence of pus on or in the skin
Pyoderma
186
Skin becomes hardened
Scleroderma
187
Oily discharge
Seborrhea
188
Containing or producing pus
Suppurative
189
Open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane
Ulcer
190
Skin eruption of reddish wheals with severe itching, aka hives
Urticaria
191
Small fluid filled raised spot on the skin aka blister
Vesicle
192
Small round swollen area on the skin typically seen with allergic reactions
Wheal
193
Condition in which the skin is abnormally dry
Xeroderma
194
Collection of pus in the skin
Abscess
195
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
Acne
196
Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels primarily on cheeks and nose
Acne rosacea
197
Body is unable to make melanin, characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils
Albinism
198
Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, typically arises on sun exposed skin and does not spread -BCC
Basal cell carcinoma
199
Superficial layer and skin is reddened
First degree burn
200
Partial thickness with red skin and blisters
Second degree burn
201
Full thickness and charring
Third degree burn
202
Inflammation of connective tissue found in skin
Cellulitis
203
Determines percentage of body burned by dividing the body into sections
Rule of Nines
204
Open sore caused by pressure that cuts off Aka bedsore or pressure sore
Decubitus ulcer
205
Inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis
206
General term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition
Dermatosis
207
Late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled
Dry gangrene
208
Superficial dermatitis accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting
Eczema
209
Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient to blood supply
Gangrene
210
Abnormal condition in which the skin is dry and scaly
Ichthyosis
211
Highly infectious bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and crust over
Impetigo
212
Skin cancer frequently in aids patients, brownish-purple papules that spread to internal organs
Kaposi's sarcoma
213
Raised and thickened scar after injury or surgery
Keloid
214
Any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis
Keratosis
215
Torn or jagged wound
Laceration
216
Skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, can quickly spread
Malignant melanoma
217
Lice infestation
Pediculosis
218
Papules forming "silvery scale" patches with circular borders
Psoriasis
219
Contagious viral skin infection Aka German measles
Rubella
220
Egg laying mite burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching
Scabies
221
Cyst filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland and may need to be excised
Sebaceous cyst
222
Scar
Cicatrix
223
Cancer of the epidermis layer of skin that may spread to deeper tissue, often starts as a sore that won't heal
Squamous cell carcinoma
224
Collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a fee months after birth
Strawberry hemangioma
225
Chronic disease of connective tissue characterized by red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose. Autoimmune condition
Systemic lupus erythematosis
226
Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions
Tinea
227
Fungal infection of scalp aka ringworm
Tinea capitis
228
Fungal infection of foot aka athletes foot
Tinea pedis
229
Contagious viral skin infection aka chickenpox
Varicella
230
Benign growth caused by a virus that is removed by chemicals aka warts
Verruca
231
Absence of skin pigment, also called leukoderma
Vitiligo
232
area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria
Wet gangrene
233
Loss of hair aka baldness
Alopecia
234
Furuncle involving several hair follicles
Carbuncle
235
Bacterial infection of a hair follicle, redness pain and swelling. Aka boil
Furuncle
236
Abnormal condition of hair fungus
Trichomyosis
237
Infected nail bed
Onychia
238
Abnormal condition of nail fungus
Onychomycosis
239
Nail biting
Onychophagia
240
Infection of skin fold around a nail
Paronychia
241
Removal of bacteria from an infection, growing it to identify the bacteria and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics
Culture and sensitivity test
242
Piece of tissue removed by syringe to examine under a microscope to aid diagnosis
Biopsy
243
Scraping cells from tissue and examining under a microscope
Exfoliative cytology
244
Piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for examination under a microscope
Frozen section
245
Scrapings from lesions that are placed on a growth medium and examined to identify fungal growth
Fungal scrapings
246
Skin graft from one person to another
Allograft
247
Skin graft from a person' sown body
Autograft
248
Instrument for cutting the skin
Dermatome
249
Transplanting skin
Dermatoplasty
250
Graft from an animal of another species (usually pig)
Xenograft
251
Destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric currents,heat, or freezing
Cauterization
252
Use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue
Cryosurgery
253
Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette (instrument shaped like a spoon)
Curettage
254
Removal of foreign material and dead tissue from wound
Debridement
255
Destroy tissue with an electric current
Electrocautery
256
Removal of a nail
Onychectomy
257
Abrasion using chemicals aka chemical peel
Chemabrasion
258
Abrasion using wire brushes or sandpaper
Dermabrasion
259
Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles aka facelift
Rhytidectomy
260
Reduces severe itching
Antipruritic
