MSK - Muscles of the Medial Compartment of the Thigh Flashcards
The muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh are known collectively as what?
The Hip Adductors
How many muscles are there in the hip adductor group?
5
What are all the hip adductor muscles innervated by?
The obturator nerve
What artery supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?
The obturator artery
What is the name of the muscle highlighted in red?
How many parts can it be divided into?
What is the name given to these two parts?
Adductor Magnus
2
Adductor part and hamstring part
What are the attachments of adductor magnus?
Adductor Part - Originates from the inferior rami of pubis and the rami of ischium before attaching to the linea aspera of the femur
**Hamstring Part - **Originates from the ischial tuberosity and attaches to the adductor tubercle on the distal and medial side of the femur.
What are the actions of the Adductor Magnus?
Both adduct the thigh
Adductor portion flexes the thigh
Hamstring portion extends the thigh
What is the innervation of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor - Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
Hamstring - Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What is the name of the muscle highlighted in yellow?
What border does it form?
Adductor Longus
Forms the medial border of the femoral triangle
What are the attachments of the Adductor Longus?
Originates from the body of pubis and inferior pubic rami. It attaches to the linea aspera on the posterior surface of the femur, proximal to the adductor longus
What are the actions of the adductor longus?
Adduction and medial rotation of the thigh
What is the innervation of Adductor Longus?
Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
What is the muscle highlighted in green?
How can it be used as an anatomical landmark?
Adductor Brevis
Lies between the the anterior and posterior divisions of the obturator nerve and so can be used to identify these branches
What are the attachments of the Adductor Brevis?
Originates from the body of pubis and inferior pubic rami. It attaches to the linea aspera on the posterior surface of the femur, proximal to the adductor longus
What are the actions of Adductor Brevis?
Thigh Adduction
What is the innervation of Adductor Brevis?
Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
What is the muscle highlighted in purple?
Obturator Externus
What are the attachments of Obturator Externus?
It originates from the membrane of the obturator foramen, and adjacent bone. It passes under the neck of femur, attaching to the posterior aspect of the greater trochanter
What are the actions of Obturator Externus?
Laterally rotates the thigh
What is the innervation of Obturator Externus?
Obturator Nerve
What is the name of the blue highlighted, unlabelled muscle?
Gracilis
What joints does the Gracilis cross?
Where is it often transplanted and why?
Hip and Knee
Transplanted to the hand or forarm to replace a adamaged muscle
What are the attachments of the Gracilis?
It originates from the inferior rami of the pubis, and the body of the pubis. Descending almost vertically down the leg, it attaches to the medial surface of the tibia, inbetween the tendons of the sartorius (anteriorly) and the semitendinosus (posteriorly)
What are the actions of the Gracilis?
Adduction of the thigh at the hip, and flexion of the leg at the knee
What is the Gracilis innervated by?
Obturator Nerve
What is strain of the adductor muscles colloquially known as?
“Groin Strain”
What has happened during strain of the adductor muscles?
What part is most usually affected?
Proximal part usually affected, tearing near their bony attachments in the pelvis
How do groin injuries usually occur?
Occur in sports that require explosive movements or extreme stretching
How should groin injury be treated?
RICE Protocol
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
