MSK Diseases of Cattle Flashcards
Which digit is affected by over 80% of foot disease and why?
Lateral rear digit bears the most weight
What is the most common direction of a coxofemoral luxation?
Cranial and dorsal displacement
Usually cows with this condition are down after parturition and fail to respond to calcium therapy
Coxofemoral luxation
What conditions predispose to coxofemoral luxation?
Dystocia, sciatic/obturator nerve paralysis
Which muscles are commonly injured if a cow is “spread eagle”?
Adductor muscles (gracilis, pectineus, add. magnus)
How can you diagnose a ruptured peroneus tertius?
Able to extend hock while stifle is flexed
Which muscle rupture causes a flying scapula?
Serratus ventralis
What causes flexural limb deformities in calves?
Contracted tendons
How do you treat a flexural limb deformity in a calf?
SDF/DDF tenectomy
Why should you NOT splint a flexural limb deformity?
Calf is still growing
What are corns?
Interdigital lesions that make a cow lame
How do you treat a corn?
Sx removal w/sedation + wire claws together if necessary
How do you treat a solar abscess?
Pare out abscess and drain
How do you keep the cow in production while a solar abscess resolves?
Wooden hoof block to opposite toe
Where is a pododermatitis circumscripta lesion located?
Sole/bulb junction
What causes a septic arthritis and osteomyelitis?
FB/puncture wound, extension of cellulitis
Which claw is usually affected with pododermatitis circumscripta first?
Weight-bearing claw (medial fore, lateral hind)
How do you diagnose septic arthritis and osteomyelitis?
Culture
Destructive lesion in both bone and joint of a young animal indicate what disease?
Septic arthritis/osteomyelitis
What is elso heel?
Spastic paresis
Hereditary disease that produces stiffness of the hocks in 3wk-1yo cows
Spastic paresis
What is the MoA of spastic paresis?
Overstimulation of gamma motor neurons in spinal cord
Which joint will not flex with spastic paresis?
Hock
Why can’t the hock joint flex with spastic paresis?
Continuous gastrocnemius tension
How do you treat spastic paresis?
Tibial neurectomy or gastrocnemius tenectomy
Degenerative intervertebral joint space disease in older bulls
Spondylosis
What are clinical signs of spondylosis in bulls?
Chronic development of back pain
What will you see on radiographs of spondylosis in bulls (if you do them)?
Osteophytes (enesiophytes) across IVD space
Inherited muscular disorder of most dairy breeds that first appears at 3-7yo and gradually worsens
Periodic spasticity
Which muscles are most affected by periodic spasticity?
Hip and upper leg muscles
Inherited disorder in the skeletal muscle chloride channel
Myotonia congenital
How do you diagnose myotonia congenital?
Electromyography
Non-progressive general rigidity after stimulation is classic of which disease?
Myotonia congenital
Glycogen storage disorder of cattle
Myophosphorylase deficiency
In which cattle breed is myophosphorylase deficiency a genetic disease?
Charolaise cattle
What is myophosphorylase?
Muscle enzyme
