MSK Diseases of Cattle

Question 1

Which digit is affected by over 80% of foot disease and why?

Answer 1

Lateral rear digit bears the most weight

Question 2

What is the most common direction of a coxofemoral luxation?

Answer 2

Cranial and dorsal displacement

Question 3

Usually cows with this condition are down after parturition and fail to respond to calcium therapy

Answer 3

Coxofemoral luxation

Question 4

What conditions predispose to coxofemoral luxation?

Answer 4

Dystocia, sciatic/obturator nerve paralysis

Question 5

Which muscles are commonly injured if a cow is “spread eagle”?

Answer 5

Adductor muscles (gracilis, pectineus, add. magnus)

Question 6

How can you diagnose a ruptured peroneus tertius?

Answer 6

Able to extend hock while stifle is flexed

Question 7

Which muscle rupture causes a flying scapula?

Answer 7

Serratus ventralis

Question 8

What causes flexural limb deformities in calves?

Answer 8

Contracted tendons

Question 9

How do you treat a flexural limb deformity in a calf?

Answer 9

SDF/DDF tenectomy

Question 10

Why should you NOT splint a flexural limb deformity?

Answer 10

Calf is still growing

Question 11

What are corns?

Answer 11

Interdigital lesions that make a cow lame

Question 12

How do you treat a corn?

Answer 12

Sx removal w/sedation + wire claws together if necessary

Question 13

How do you treat a solar abscess?

Answer 13

Pare out abscess and drain

Question 14

How do you keep the cow in production while a solar abscess resolves?

Answer 14

Wooden hoof block to opposite toe

Question 15

Where is a pododermatitis circumscripta lesion located?

Answer 15

Sole/bulb junction

Question 16

What causes a septic arthritis and osteomyelitis?

Answer 16

FB/puncture wound, extension of cellulitis

Question 17

Which claw is usually affected with pododermatitis circumscripta first?

Answer 17

Weight-bearing claw (medial fore, lateral hind)

Question 18

How do you diagnose septic arthritis and osteomyelitis?

Answer 18

Culture

Question 19

Destructive lesion in both bone and joint of a young animal indicate what disease?

Answer 19

Septic arthritis/osteomyelitis

Question 20

What is elso heel?

Answer 20

Spastic paresis

Question 21

Hereditary disease that produces stiffness of the hocks in 3wk-1yo cows

Answer 21

Spastic paresis

Question 22

What is the MoA of spastic paresis?

Answer 22

Overstimulation of gamma motor neurons in spinal cord

Question 23

Which joint will not flex with spastic paresis?

Answer 23

Hock

Question 24

Why can’t the hock joint flex with spastic paresis?

Answer 24

Continuous gastrocnemius tension

Question 25

How do you treat spastic paresis?

Answer 25

Tibial neurectomy or gastrocnemius tenectomy

Question 26

Degenerative intervertebral joint space disease in older bulls

Answer 26

Spondylosis

Question 27

What are clinical signs of spondylosis in bulls?

Answer 27

Chronic development of back pain

Question 28

What will you see on radiographs of spondylosis in bulls (if you do them)?

Answer 28

Osteophytes (enesiophytes) across IVD space

Question 29

Inherited muscular disorder of most dairy breeds that first appears at 3-7yo and gradually worsens

Answer 29

Periodic spasticity

Question 30

Which muscles are most affected by periodic spasticity?

Answer 30

Hip and upper leg muscles

Question 31

Inherited disorder in the skeletal muscle chloride channel

Answer 31

Myotonia congenital

Question 32

How do you diagnose myotonia congenital?

Answer 32

Electromyography

Question 33

Non-progressive general rigidity after stimulation is classic of which disease?

Answer 33

Myotonia congenital

Question 34

Glycogen storage disorder of cattle

Answer 34

Myophosphorylase deficiency

Question 35

In which cattle breed is myophosphorylase deficiency a genetic disease?

Answer 35

Charolaise cattle

Question 36

What is myophosphorylase?

Answer 36

Muscle enzyme