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Abdominal Boards Review > MSK and superficial imaging > Flashcards

MSK and superficial imaging Flashcards

1
Q

what do tendons connect

A

muscles to bone

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2
Q

what do ligaments connect

A

bone to bone

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3
Q

muscle appearance on u.s

A

hypoechoic tissue w/ echogenic linear strands

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4
Q

cause of tendonitis

A

over use or strain

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5
Q

diffuse tendonitis on ultrasound

A

thickened and hypo tendon
hyperemic flow
fluid

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6
Q

focal tendonitis on u.s

A

localized enlarged hypo area within in tendon
hyperemic flow
fluid

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7
Q

fluid in the synovial sheath is often indicative of

A

tendosynovitis

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8
Q

tendonitis clinical findings

A

pain
painful region
warm to touch

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9
Q

acoustic shadowing caused by a bend of sound at the edge of a curved reflector is

A

refractive shadowing

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10
Q

clinical findings of a tendon rupture

A

pain
edema
swelling

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11
Q

sono findings of a partial tendon rupture

A

focal hypo area within tendon

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12
Q

sono findings of tendon complete rupture

A

anechoic or hetero

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13
Q

most commonly insured ankle tendon

A

achilles tendon

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14
Q

what does the achilles tendon connect

A

calf muscle to heel

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15
Q

thompson test

A

patient prone
calf is squeezed and the foot should plantarflex in a patient without a tear of the achilles tendon

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16
Q

baker cyst result from

A

accumulation of synovial fluid from weakening in the joint capsule

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17
Q

pannus

A

tissue flap

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18
Q

where are baker cyst located

A

popliteal fossa

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19
Q

common mass found along the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist

A

ganglion cyst

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20
Q

sono of ganglion cyst

A

incompressible
anechoic mass

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21
Q

clinical findings of ganglion cyst

A

hard to touch
painful

22
Q

lipoma

A

benign fatty tumor

23
Q

lipomas on sono may appear as…

A

iso
hypo
hyperechoic

24
Q

cellulitis

A

infection and inflammation of the skin

25
Q

cellulitis is most often caused by

A

staph and strep bacteria

26
Q

cellulitis on sono

A

hypo tissue
edematous strands within soft tissue

27
Q

superficial abscess on sono

A

peripheral rim of hyperemia and complex

28
Q

metallic objects cause what kind of artifact

A

comet tail

29
Q

air at the site of a foreign body can cause

A

ambiguity artifact

30
Q

tendosynovitis

A

inflammation of the tendon and synovial sheath

31
Q

where are the parotid glands located

A

between the external auditory canals and inferior edge of the mandible

32
Q

normal lymph node in a breast

A

small
ovoid
hypo rim
echogenic hilum

33
Q

where will you look to rule out a rectus sheath hematoma

A

mid abd wall

34
Q

accuracy of ultrasound for telling a cyst and solid lesion apart

A

96-100%

35
Q

where is a carotid body tumor located

A

level of the carotid bifurcation

36
Q

what constitutes the terminal ductal lobular unit in the breast

A

lobule w/ its terminal branches
short intralobular
longer extralobular duct

37
Q

normal sono appearance of muscle

A

echogenic fibers against hypo backround

38
Q

sono appearance of peripheral nerve

A

hyperechoic structure with parallel internal linear echoes

39
Q

what causes false hypoechogenicity of a tendon

A

oblique incidence of the beam to the tendon

40
Q

most common artifact seen w/ complete tendon tears

A

refractile shadowing

41
Q

layers of the abd muscles

A
  1. external oblique
  2. internal olblique
  3. tranvs abd
  4. peritonium
42
Q

tinel positive sign

A

indicates carpal tunnel
injury to the nerve

43
Q

ortolani manuever

A

hip manuever for infants
a clunk indicates hip dislocation

44
Q

hemoptysis refers to

A

coughing up blood from the lungs

45
Q

normal thickness of the achilles tendon

A

5-7 mm

46
Q

the achilles tendon should be evaluated in what plane

A

trans

47
Q

what is allis sign in hip dysplasia

A

visual shortening of the femur when hips and knees are flexed

48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q

sjogren syndrome effects the

A

salivary glands and reduces salivary and tear production

51
Q

hypernatremia

A

high sodium

Abdominal Boards Review (9 decks)

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