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Abdominal Boards Review > GI Tract > Flashcards

GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

name of where the esophagus and the stomach attach

A

gastroesophageal junction

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2
Q

where is the GE junction located on sono

A

post. to left lobe
ant to aorta

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3
Q

3 parts of the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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4
Q

parts of the colon

A

asecnding
transverse
descending
sigmoid

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5
Q

normal sono observation of the gi tract

A

compressable
peristalsis
little to no color doppler

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6
Q

normal gi tract wall measurement

A

3mm

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7
Q

wall layers of the gut inner to outer

A

superficial mucosa
deep mucosa
submucosa
muscularis propria
serosa

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8
Q

clinical findings of appendicitis

A
  1. rebound tenderness
  2. elevated white blood cells
  3. N&V
  4. abdominal pain (RLQ,epigastric)
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9
Q

sono findings of appendicitis

A

wall measuring >3
>6 diameter outer to outer
non compression
fluid
hyperemic flow

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10
Q

location of an inguinal hernia

A

groin
bowel protudes into groin

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11
Q

incisional hernia

A

bowel protrudes into a surgical site

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12
Q

linea alba hernia

A

bowel protrudes into the fascia of the linea alba

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13
Q

umbilical hernia

A

bowel protrudes into the umbilicus

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14
Q

spigelian hernia

A

bowel protudes into a weakend area in the lower of the rectus muscle
between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis

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15
Q

what technique is used to show hernias

A

valsalva

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16
Q

complications of hernias

A

incerceration
strangulation
ischemia of the bowel

17
Q

“olive” sign

A

enlarged pyloric muscle may be palpable during a physical exam

18
Q

other causes of nonbilious vomiting in an infant

A

midgut malrotation
pylorospasm
gastroesopheal reflux

19
Q

clinical findings on pyloric stenosis

A
  1. first born male 2-8 weeks
  2. non bilious projectile vomiting
  3. weight loss
  4. constipation
  5. dehydration
  6. insatiable appetite
20
Q

sono appearance of pyloric stenosis

A
  1. trans donut sign
  2. pseudocervix sign in long
  3. wall measuring >3mm
  4. length >1.7 mm
21
Q

clinical findings of intussusception

A
  1. vomiting
  2. palpable abdominal mass
  3. red currant jelly stools
  4. leukocytosis
  5. intermittent abd pain
    < 2 yrs of age
22
Q

sono findings of intussusception

A
  1. non compressible target shaped mass with alternating rings of echogenicity
23
Q

sono findings of intestinal obstruction

A

distended fluid filled loops of bowel
abrupt termination
increased peristalsis with to and fro motion

24
Q

clinical findings of chrons disease

A

episodes of diarrhea
abd pain
weight loss
rectal bleeding

25
Q

sono findings of chrons

A

bowel wall thickening
non compressible bowel
hyperemic bowel

26
Q

most common gastric cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

27
Q

clinical findings of gastric cancer

A

weight loss
abd pain
anorexia
vomiting

28
Q

rectus sheath hematoma can happen from

A

child birth
sneezing
coughing
urination
intercourse

29
Q

clinical findings of rectus sheath hematoma

A

abd pain
palpable abd mass
discoloration skin
decreased hematocrit

30
Q

malrotation of the mid gut

A

the sma and smv are reversed

31
Q

treatment for intussesception

A

air or contrast enema
surgery w/ gangrene

32
Q

clinical findings od acute appendicitis

A
33
Q

identifying feature of the colon

A

haustra- folds in the colon

34
Q

what is ileus

A

lack of peristalsis bowel movement

35
Q

the orifice of the appendix opens into

A

the cecum

36
Q

what part of the gi tract will you most likely see in the RLQ

A

cecum

37
Q

which visceral artery is most commonly involved w/ aneurysmal formation

A

splenic artery

38
Q

abd bruit

A

murmurs heard during auscultation of the aorta

39
Q

arcuate ligament syndrome

A

occurs when the arc-shaped band of tissue in the chest area (median arcuate ligament) presses on the celiac artery that sends blood to the upper abdomen

Abdominal Boards Review (9 decks)

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