MSK Flashcards
How do you test for a bicep tendon rupture?
Hook test, have pt flex their elbow and you try to hook the bicep
if it is torn you cant hook it
What are the two main causes of bicep tendon tears?
injury
overuse
you will see a bulge at the bicep
How do you test for a rotator cuff injury?
- Apprehension test
- Drop arm test
What is a common fracture that occurs with a FOOSH ?
Navicular snuff box fracture
How do you treat a snuff box fracture?
Thumb spika spint, have them return in 2 weeks to re-xray for a fracture
Name the test:
The patient’s knee and hip are fully flexed, a varus force is applied, the knee is internally rotated
What are you testing and what is the name of the test?
Mcmurray test
testing the lateral miniscus
name the test
The knee and hip are flexed, you are applying a Valgus force to the knee, and externally rotating it.
what are you testing
This is testing the medial meniscus
name the test
The knee is flexed at a right angle the lower leg is graped below the knee. The examiner pulls the knee towards then away from them
this is the anterior and posterior drawer test
Its testing the ACL/PCL KNEE INSTABILTY
What is the most accurate test for knee instability?
Lachmens test
Name the test
The femur is stabilized while the proximal aspect of the tibia is moved forward, the knee and hip are held at full extension
Lachmans test
Please write some differences between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis`
with rheumatoid arthritis morning stiffness is MORE THAN one hour, and improves with movement
with OSTEOarthritis the morning stiffness is less than 30 minutes, often complain of stiffness when going from sitting to standing. They also may have heberden nodes
* joint swelling/pain with changes in the weather (think of mom and her back)
How do you treat osteoarthritis?
provide:
- Nonpharm treatment
- first line medications
- isometric exercises for knee OA, long paused movements, non weight bearing exercises
- Meds, first line : tylenol to reduce pain
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
none, you dont know you have till you break something
Shortening of height
What are the common fractures of osteoporosis?
- Wrist
- Vertebrae
- Hips
what are the risks for osteoporosis
- postmenopausal
- family history
- Autoimmune conditions
- Smoker
- Chronic steroid use
What is fist line treatment for osteoporosis, and what recommendations would you advise?
- Biphosphonates
- 1200mg Calcium/800 IU Vitamin D
what instructions do you provide for patients taking alendronate?
take 30 minute before first food/beverage of the day with PLAIN water
to prevent esophageal erosion
What dose of Vitamin D and calcium is recommended for patients 19-70
Women/men 19-70= 600 IU Vitamin D
Women 19-50 = 1000mg
Men 19-70= 1200mg
Women 50 + = 1200mg
Your patient is a runner, they are complaining of pain to their lower legs. The pain is alleviated with rest. The pain is worse with plantar flexion.
What would you diagnose them with
medial tibial stress syndrome
What is medial tibial stress syndrome
shin splints
What is lateral and medial epicondylitis
these are overuse soft tissue injuries
Lateral condylitis is often known as tennis elbow
Medial is often known as golfers elbow
What is mulder test?
This tests for Mortons neuroma
You squeeze the foot, and apply pressure to 4th/3rd metatarsal and if pain is reproduced its positive
MUST HAVE PAIN TO BE A POSITIVE RESULT, a click is not enough
With scoliosis at what point would you refer a patient to ortho for surgery?
only if the curvature of the spine is greater than 40%
what is Polymyalgia rheumatica?
This is a rheumatological condition, pain is in multiple joints, often older adults .
Similar presentation as rheumatoid arthritis. ESR and CRP will be elevated
If your patient with Polymyalgia Rheumatica starts to complain of:
fatigue, headaches, jaw claudication, visual symptoms, scalp pain
What are you now concerned for?
Temporal Arteritis (Giant Cell)
You would perform bloodwork and BIOPSY
esr greater than 50
Biopsy showing vasculitis with predominance of mononuclear cell infiltration or granulomatous inflammation
would suggest giant cell arteries
What is ankylosing spondylitis?
Rheumatological condition
Chronic lower/upper back pain more than 3 months
AND xray will show sacroilitis
patient will complain of night time back pain
might be known as “bamboo spine”
often in older adults
