MSK

Question 1

How do you test for a bicep tendon rupture?

Answer 1

Hook test, have pt flex their elbow and you try to hook the bicep

if it is torn you cant hook it

Question 2

What are the two main causes of bicep tendon tears?

Answer 2

injury
overuse

you will see a bulge at the bicep

Question 3

How do you test for a rotator cuff injury?

Answer 3

1. Apprehension test
2. Drop arm test

Question 4

What is a common fracture that occurs with a FOOSH ?

Answer 4

Navicular snuff box fracture

Question 5

How do you treat a snuff box fracture?

Answer 5

Thumb spika spint, have them return in 2 weeks to re-xray for a fracture

Question 6

Name the test:

The patient’s knee and hip are fully flexed, a varus force is applied, the knee is internally rotated

What are you testing and what is the name of the test?

Answer 6

Mcmurray test

testing the lateral miniscus

Question 7

name the test

The knee and hip are flexed, you are applying a Valgus force to the knee, and externally rotating it.

what are you testing

Answer 7

This is testing the medial meniscus

Question 8

name the test

The knee is flexed at a right angle the lower leg is graped below the knee. The examiner pulls the knee towards then away from them

Answer 8

this is the anterior and posterior drawer test

Its testing the ACL/PCL KNEE INSTABILTY

Question 9

What is the most accurate test for knee instability?

Answer 9

Lachmens test

Question 10

Name the test

The femur is stabilized while the proximal aspect of the tibia is moved forward, the knee and hip are held at full extension

Answer 10

Lachmans test

Question 11

Please write some differences between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis`

Answer 11

with rheumatoid arthritis morning stiffness is MORE THAN one hour, and improves with movement

with OSTEOarthritis the morning stiffness is less than 30 minutes, often complain of stiffness when going from sitting to standing. They also may have heberden nodes
* joint swelling/pain with changes in the weather (think of mom and her back)

Question 12

How do you treat osteoarthritis?

provide:

1. Nonpharm treatment
2. first line medications

Answer 12

1. isometric exercises for knee OA, long paused movements, non weight bearing exercises
2. Meds, first line : tylenol to reduce pain

Question 13

What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?

Answer 13

none, you dont know you have till you break something

Shortening of height

Question 14

What are the common fractures of osteoporosis?

Answer 14

1. Wrist
2. Vertebrae
3. Hips

Question 15

what are the risks for osteoporosis

Answer 15

1. postmenopausal
2. family history
3. Autoimmune conditions
4. Smoker
5. Chronic steroid use

Question 16

What is fist line treatment for osteoporosis, and what recommendations would you advise?

Answer 16

1. Biphosphonates
2. 1200mg Calcium/800 IU Vitamin D

Question 17

what instructions do you provide for patients taking alendronate?

Answer 17

take 30 minute before first food/beverage of the day with PLAIN water

to prevent esophageal erosion

Question 18

What dose of Vitamin D and calcium is recommended for patients 19-70

Answer 18

Women/men 19-70= 600 IU Vitamin D
Women 19-50 = 1000mg
Men 19-70= 1200mg

Women 50 + = 1200mg

Question 19

Your patient is a runner, they are complaining of pain to their lower legs. The pain is alleviated with rest. The pain is worse with plantar flexion.

What would you diagnose them with

Answer 19

medial tibial stress syndrome

Question 20

What is medial tibial stress syndrome

Answer 20

shin splints

Question 21

What is lateral and medial epicondylitis

Answer 21

these are overuse soft tissue injuries

Lateral condylitis is often known as tennis elbow

Medial is often known as golfers elbow

Question 22

What is mulder test?

Answer 22

This tests for Mortons neuroma

You squeeze the foot, and apply pressure to 4th/3rd metatarsal and if pain is reproduced its positive

MUST HAVE PAIN TO BE A POSITIVE RESULT, a click is not enough

Question 23

With scoliosis at what point would you refer a patient to ortho for surgery?

Answer 23

only if the curvature of the spine is greater than 40%

Question 24

what is Polymyalgia rheumatica?

Answer 24

This is a rheumatological condition, pain is in multiple joints, often older adults .

Similar presentation as rheumatoid arthritis. ESR and CRP will be elevated

Question 25

If your patient with Polymyalgia Rheumatica starts to complain of:

fatigue, headaches, jaw claudication, visual symptoms, scalp pain

What are you now concerned for?

Answer 25

Temporal Arteritis (Giant Cell)

You would perform bloodwork and BIOPSY

esr greater than 50
Biopsy showing vasculitis with predominance of mononuclear cell infiltration or granulomatous inflammation

would suggest giant cell arteries

Question 26

What is ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 26

Rheumatological condition
Chronic lower/upper back pain more than 3 months
AND xray will show sacroilitis
patient will complain of night time back pain
might be known as “bamboo spine”

often in older adults