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AANP exam > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Please list symptoms of colon cancer

A

50+ age
Vague GI symptoms
Iron deficienct anemia
bloody stool
*mass on abdominal palpation

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2
Q

Please list symptoms of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

A

a gastrinoma on the pancrease/stomach that secretes gastriin
multiple ulcers in stomach and duodenum
epigastric-mid abdominal pain
Tarry stool

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3
Q

How do you diagnose Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?

A

Serum Fasting gastrin level

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4
Q

List 4 symptoms of Chrons Disease

A
  1. RLQ pain
  2. Abdo pain 1 hours after eating
  3. Diarrhea with mucus
  4. Systemic symptoms, fever, malaisa, weight loss
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5
Q

What age does pyloric stenosis occur and what would you see on physical exam

A

2weeks - 5.5 weeks
painless smooth mass below xiphoid process

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6
Q

What is the gold standard test to diagnose peptic ulcer disease?

A

Upper endoscopy

other fancy names: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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7
Q

What are classic symptoms of GERD

A

Middle aged patient
Chronic Heartburn
worse after fatty meal
worse when supine
sour breath
thinning tooth enamel
sore red throat
chronic cough

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8
Q

Your 60 year old patient presents with 10 years of heart burn and uses antacids, how would you treat them?

A

Refer to GI for endoscopy + biopsy to rule out barret esophagus

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9
Q

What is the first line diagnostic test for GERD?

  1. High resolution manometry
    2.Upper endoscopy
  2. Ambulatory reflux ph monitoring
  3. Barrium swallow xray
A

upper endoscopy

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10
Q

What are typical symptoms and typical patient for diverticulitis

A
  1. elderly patient
  2. LLQ abdo pain
  3. anorexia/nausea
  4. Constipation/diarrhea
  5. Bloody stool is possible
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11
Q

How do you diagnose diverticulitis

A

Sigmoidoscopy after barium enema (can see diverticula the best) but not during
acute exacerbation.

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12
Q

What type of patient would you expect to have pancreatitis, and what would be their clinical findingd?

A

adult-older adult
guarding to epigastric area/upper abdomen
abdominal pain that radiates to mid back
fever, tachycardia

Elevated LFT, lipase, leukocytosis

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13
Q

What are the risks factors for C.diff?

A
  1. Recent abx use/hospital admission
  2. Greater than 65
  3. PPI/H2a
  4. IBD
  5. chemotherapy
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14
Q

What is the clinical presentation of C.diff?

A
  1. profuse watery diarrhea
  2. Bloodwork, CBC = leukocytosis (15+)
  3. fever
  4. abdo pain
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15
Q

Would you use alcohol based sanitizer for c.diff?

A

no! C.diff spores are resistant to alcohol based sanitizer you must use soap and water hand hygeine

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16
Q

What age group is affected by rotavirus?

How quickly after being exposed would you develop symptoms?

A

rotavirus presents with fever, vomiting, diarrhea (watery) in children less than 2 years of age.

symptoms will develop 1-2 days after exposure

17
Q

Your patient presents with urinary urgency, hesitancy, nocturia, weak urinary stream for three months

What are your first steps?

A

FIRST ALWAYS order a urinalysis to exclude infection + hematuria

If male, consider next ordering PSA

18
Q

Your patient has BPH, and he is unable to empty his bladder, his postvoid risidual volume is elevated and so is his creatine

what workup is required next?

A

you would order a renal ultrasound to assess for hydronephrosis

Pts with BPH can develop acute kidney injury, renal ultrasound is advised for assessmen of hyfronephrosis in those with worsening kidney function

19
Q

When would you order a cystoscopy?

A

It is used for the lower urinary tract to evaluate for obstruction in patients with HEMATURIA

20
Q

When would you advise a mother of a newborn (first week of life) to fortify the breastmilk?

A

only if the baby is born premature, or low birth weight

very uncommon for baby born term

21
Q

What infectious bacteria can cause bloody diarrhea?

A
  1. Salmonella
  2. Campylobctr
  3. E.coli * Shiga-toxin
  4. Shigella
22
Q

What is first line treatment for C.diff?

A
  1. Vancomycin
  2. Fidaxomicin
23
Q

What is the most sensitive test for sliding hiatal hernia?

A

Barrium swallow

24
Q

If your patient has a sliding hiatal hernia but is asymptomatic what would you do?

A

nothing,

but if has GERD symptoms treat the GERD

AANP exam (12 decks)

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