GI Flashcards
Please list symptoms of colon cancer
50+ age
Vague GI symptoms
Iron deficienct anemia
bloody stool
*mass on abdominal palpation
Please list symptoms of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
a gastrinoma on the pancrease/stomach that secretes gastriin
multiple ulcers in stomach and duodenum
epigastric-mid abdominal pain
Tarry stool
How do you diagnose Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
Serum Fasting gastrin level
List 4 symptoms of Chrons Disease
- RLQ pain
- Abdo pain 1 hours after eating
- Diarrhea with mucus
- Systemic symptoms, fever, malaisa, weight loss
What age does pyloric stenosis occur and what would you see on physical exam
2weeks - 5.5 weeks
painless smooth mass below xiphoid process
What is the gold standard test to diagnose peptic ulcer disease?
Upper endoscopy
other fancy names: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
What are classic symptoms of GERD
Middle aged patient
Chronic Heartburn
worse after fatty meal
worse when supine
sour breath
thinning tooth enamel
sore red throat
chronic cough
Your 60 year old patient presents with 10 years of heart burn and uses antacids, how would you treat them?
Refer to GI for endoscopy + biopsy to rule out barret esophagus
What is the first line diagnostic test for GERD?
- High resolution manometry
2.Upper endoscopy - Ambulatory reflux ph monitoring
- Barrium swallow xray
upper endoscopy
What are typical symptoms and typical patient for diverticulitis
- elderly patient
- LLQ abdo pain
- anorexia/nausea
- Constipation/diarrhea
- Bloody stool is possible
How do you diagnose diverticulitis
Sigmoidoscopy after barium enema (can see diverticula the best) but not during
acute exacerbation.
What type of patient would you expect to have pancreatitis, and what would be their clinical findingd?
adult-older adult
guarding to epigastric area/upper abdomen
abdominal pain that radiates to mid back
fever, tachycardia
Elevated LFT, lipase, leukocytosis
What are the risks factors for C.diff?
- Recent abx use/hospital admission
- Greater than 65
- PPI/H2a
- IBD
- chemotherapy
What is the clinical presentation of C.diff?
- profuse watery diarrhea
- Bloodwork, CBC = leukocytosis (15+)
- fever
- abdo pain
Would you use alcohol based sanitizer for c.diff?
no! C.diff spores are resistant to alcohol based sanitizer you must use soap and water hand hygeine
What age group is affected by rotavirus?
How quickly after being exposed would you develop symptoms?
rotavirus presents with fever, vomiting, diarrhea (watery) in children less than 2 years of age.
symptoms will develop 1-2 days after exposure
Your patient presents with urinary urgency, hesitancy, nocturia, weak urinary stream for three months
What are your first steps?
FIRST ALWAYS order a urinalysis to exclude infection + hematuria
If male, consider next ordering PSA
Your patient has BPH, and he is unable to empty his bladder, his postvoid risidual volume is elevated and so is his creatine
what workup is required next?
you would order a renal ultrasound to assess for hydronephrosis
Pts with BPH can develop acute kidney injury, renal ultrasound is advised for assessmen of hyfronephrosis in those with worsening kidney function
When would you order a cystoscopy?
It is used for the lower urinary tract to evaluate for obstruction in patients with HEMATURIA
When would you advise a mother of a newborn (first week of life) to fortify the breastmilk?
only if the baby is born premature, or low birth weight
very uncommon for baby born term
What infectious bacteria can cause bloody diarrhea?
- Salmonella
- Campylobctr
- E.coli * Shiga-toxin
- Shigella
What is first line treatment for C.diff?
- Vancomycin
- Fidaxomicin
What is the most sensitive test for sliding hiatal hernia?
Barrium swallow
If your patient has a sliding hiatal hernia but is asymptomatic what would you do?
nothing,
but if has GERD symptoms treat the GERD
