MS Equine Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of history for lameness exam

A

Signalment
Acute vs invidious onset (duration)
Use of animal
Management (shoeing intervals/exercise routine)

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2
Q

What tendons & ligaments should be palpated on the forelimb

A

Superficial digital flexor tendon
Deep digital flexor tendon
Suspensory ligament (origin, body, medial & lateral branches)

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3
Q

Observing lameness on forelimbs

A

Head bob
Arc of flight of foot
Altered flight path
Length of stride
Angels of joint flexion
Audible differences between limbs

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4
Q

Observing lameness of hind limbs

A

Pelvic hike or drop
Arc of flight of foot
Altered flight path of foot
Length of stride
Angles of joint flexion
Drifting away from lame limb

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5
Q

Lameness grade 1

A

Difficult to obverse, inconsistent

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6
Q

Lameness grade 2

A

Difficult to observe at walk/trot going straight, consistent in circle, incline, hard surface

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7
Q

Lameness grade 3

A

Consistently observable at trot

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8
Q

Lameness grade 4

A

Obvious at walk, marked nodding/hitching/short stride

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9
Q

Lameness grade 5

A

Minimal weight bearing, inability to move

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10
Q

Natural weight distribution

A

Forelimb : 60%
Hindlimb : 40%

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11
Q

Rider weight distribution

A

Forelimb: 70%
Hindlimb: 30%

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12
Q

Natural beat at a walk

A

4 beat
LH - LF - RH - RF

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13
Q

Natural beat at trot

A

2 beat, diagonal
RF + LH - LF + RH

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14
Q

Flexion tests pros and cons

A

Not sensitive or specific
Can’t replace diagnostic analgesia
Be aware of all structure being stressed

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15
Q

Sources of pain in flexion test

A

Tension in soft tissue (extension side)
Compression of soft tissue (flexion side)
Compression of articular surface (SC bone)
Intra articular pressure
Vascular constriction
Stretching nerves

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