Joints Of Thoracic Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Major joints of the thoracic limb

A

Shoulder, glenohumeral, elbow, carpus, carpometacarpal, interphalangeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Three joints that make up the elbow or ______ joint

A

Humero-radial, humero-ulner, radio-ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Joints in carpal region

A

Antebrachiocarpal joint
Middle carpal
Intercarpal
Carpometacarpal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Location of antebrachiocarpal joint

A

Between antebrachium and proximal row of carpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Location of middle carpal and intercarpal joints

A

Middle - between proximal and distal rows of carpal bones
Intercarpal - among the individual carpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Location of carpometacarpal joint

A

Between distal row of carpal bone and metacarpal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Common injury of Coronoid processes of ulna

A

Fragmented coronoid process - painful elbows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Common injury of anconeal process of ulna

A

Inperfusion of anconeal process - painful to walk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anatomical and common names for shoulder joint

A

AN - scapulohumeral joint
CN - shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anatomical and common names for elbow joint

A

AN - humero-radio-ulnar joint
CN - elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anatomical and common names for wrist joint

A

AN - Antebrachio-carpal-middle carpal-Intercarpal- carpometacarpal joint
CN - wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Joint of the digits

A

Metacarpophalangeal joint
D1 - one interphalangeal jt
D2-5 - proximal interphalangeal & distal interphalangeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Accessibility of carpal joints and joint pouches of full flexion

A

Antebrachiocarpal/radiocarapal joint - opens widely, fully accessible
Middle carpal joint - opens fully accessible
Carpometacarpal joint - doesn’t open wide but it communicates w middle carpal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ligaments of thoracic limb

A

Collateral ligament
Medial and lateral
Longitudinal bundles of collagenous fibers in superficial layer of the joint capsule passing from the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of collateral ligaments

A

Prevent medial to lateral movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Common injury of collateral ligaments

A

Can rupture with little trauma

17
Q

Location of medial and lateral collateral ligaments

A

Form an X on the elbow, carpus etc

18
Q

What ligament support rotary action of radial head against the radial notch of the ulna

A

Annular ligament of the elbow

19
Q

Extrinsic vs intrinsic muscles

A

Extrinsic - attack limb to axial skeleton. Intrinsic - all attachments lie on bones of the limb itself

20
Q

Most common nerve injury

A

Radial nerve, injury results with inability to walk

21
Q

What muscle has notable differences in the antebrachium of cat/dog?

A

Brachioradialis. Dogs is inconsistent and small, feline is robust and constant

22
Q

Notable aspect of biceps brachii

A

Transverse humeral ligament

23
Q

Notable aspect and location of brachialis

A

Distal attachment to ulna, located laterally on the humerus

24
Q

Extensors of carpus and digits

A

Craniolateral. Common origin: lateral extensor epicondyle of the humerus

25
Flexors of the carpus and digits
Caudomedial. Common origin, medial flexor epicondyle of the humerus
26
Flexor maniaca
Superficial digital flexor tendon divides to allow the deep digital flexor tendons to go through
27
Number and location of interosseous muscles
Four very similar muscles on the Palmar surfaces of metacarpal bones.
28
Specialized features of the cat in antebrachium
Brachioradialis - well developed in dog Muscle bellies tend to be longer (fibers go farther down the tendons) Muscles of the manus are more developed - more use of paws compared to dog Specialized distal phalanges - retractable claws
29
Lymph’s that could cause arm lameness
Prescapular (superficial cervical) Axillary Cubical - mainly horses
30
Artery flow sequence
Subclavian to axillary to brachial to median to median (dog) or radial (cat)
31
Arteries of paw (palmar side)
Superficial and deep palmar arches Super - between tendons of SDF & DDF Deep - between tendons of DDF and interosseous muscles
32
Metacarpal blood vessels
Doubled set, dorsal and palmar, one each is superficial & deep. Each courses from carpal-metacarpal joint to a metacarpophalangeal joint
33
Nerves in brachial plexus
Fed by C 6,7,8 & T1, 2 Branches by suprascapular, subscapular, musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, ulnar, median
34
Importance of radial nerve
Weight bearing, limb must be in extension, innervates the extensor muscles of the forelimb. Common for horses to kick & fracture the olecranon = can’t extend elbow, can still extend carpus
35
Autonomous zone
Skin region typically supplied by a single spinal nerve
36
Nerves with no known sensory cutaneous sensory component
Suprascapular, subscapular, throacodorsal
37
Nerves of the manus: motor: ulnar
To interosseous muscles & other minor muscles of forepaw
38
Nerves of manus : sensory, radial, median & ulnar
Dorsally Radial: majority of paws dorsum except for lateral side of digit 5 Median: none Ulnar: lateral (abaxial) side of digit 5 Palmarly Radial: none Median: digit 1 through axial side of digit 4 Ulnar: abaxial side of digit 4 and all of digit 5