ms 4 Flashcards
Total Anterior Circulation Stroke – TACS
(20% of cases)
- Dense Hemiparesis
- Visual feel loss
- Speech disturbance, aphasia
- Hemi on opposite side to lesion
- If RCVA then neglect of left
Partial anterior circulation stroke- PACS
(30%)
- One or two of TACS symptons but not all
Lacunar Stroke – LACS
(25%)
- Small arteries stroke in internal capsule
- Motor loss (hemi)
- Sensory-motor loss (hemi)
- Ataxic
- Normal speech, vision, and cognition
Posterior circulation stroke POCS (25%)
- Posterior or basilar artery
- Vertigo
- Loss of consciousness
- Facial problems
- Visual disturbance
- Speech difficulties- dysarthria but can understand fine
stroke vs TIA
Stroke: acute onset of neurological symptoms lasting grater than 24hrs or lead to death with vascular causes
- Middle Cerebral artery most common (UL>LL)
Transient Ischaemic Attack: Neurological deficit lasting less than 24hrs with a vascular aetiology
primary impairments of stroke
- Hemiplegia or hemiparesis (weakness)
- Spasticity – later lecture for detail
- Sensory
- Visual
- Perceptual
- Emotive
- Cognitive
motor impairments
weakness
- loss of dexterity
- loss of fractionation of mvmt
- motor control errors (eg activate wrng muslces, too strong contraction, move good side instead)
- overactive/excessive muscle activity
“effort tone”
- Overactivity/excessive Muscle Activity
o Aka “effort tone”
o Often occurs on intact side due to max effort used to perform task
o Seen in strongest activating muscles and when synagists are weak str
Abnormal pattern of movement-
Flx UL
eg when lift arm
o Scapula elevation and retraction
o Shoulder- flexion, abduction
o Elbow flexion
o Forearm supination
Abnormal pattern of movement-
Flx LL
o Hip flexion ER
o Knee flexion
o Ankle DF and inversion
Abnormal pattern of movement-
Ex UL
eg when try to reach out
o Scapula protraction
o Shoulder adduction and IR
o Elbow extension
o Forearm pronation
Abnormal pattern of movement
Ex LL
o Hip ex, adduction and IR
o Knee extension
o Ankle PF and inversion
