movement skills

Question 1

discrete motor skills

Answer 1

having an obvious beginning and end

kicking ball or netball pass

Question 2

gross motor skills

Answer 2

recruitment of large muscles groups
less emphasis on precision
running, swimming

Question 3

fine motor skills

Answer 3

recruitment of smaller muscles
associated with movements requiring precision
bouncing ball, throwing dart

Question 4

serial motor skills

Answer 4

several discrete skills performed in sequence
combines discrete skills to perform an action
gymnastics routine, lay-up or dribbling

Question 5

continuous motor skills

Answer 5

no beginning or end point
walking, running
motor skill is continuous in nature

Question 6

open skills

Answer 6

performed in a less predictable environment
constantly changing (conditions)
tackling, kayaking

Question 7

closed skills

Answer 7

where performer has the greatest control over the performance environment
playing surface, opposition

Question 8

Fundamental Movement skills

Answer 8

Stability- skills involving balance and control (handball)

locomotor- skills that enable us to move through space (running)

manipulative- skills involving control of object (throwing, kicking)

Question 9

sports specific skills

Answer 9

utilise a range of fundamental movement skills in a sequence

Question 10

Link between motor skill development, participation and performence

Answer 10

fundamental motor skills are the building blocks to sports specific skills
therefore if your fundamental motor skills are underdeveloped you are less likely to involve yourself in specific sports that rely upon those motor skills

Question 11

Intrinsic feedback

Answer 11

internal
when performers use their own senses to asses performance
visual, auditory, proprioception and touch

Question 12

augmented feedback

Answer 12

external
enhance a performers own internal feedback system
can occur during or after performance
during activity= concurrent feedback
after performance= terminal feedback

Question 13

knowledge of performence

Answer 13

characteristics of performing tasks as opposed to the specific outcome

Question 14

knowledge of results

Answer 14

specific feedback about the outcome of task as opposed to feedback relating to performance chart
beneficial for learners trying to develop new skills

Question 15

Frequency

Answer 15

frequency of feedback should be reduced as the performer moves through the stages of learning
(cognitive, associative and autonomous)

Question 16

socio cultural factors

Answer 16

social:
family
available resources
active role models

cultural:
education
religion

Question 17

Stages of learning

Answer 17

cognitive
associative
autonomous

Question 18

Stage 1. cognitive

Answer 18

beginner mentally trying to comprehend movement requirements of motor skill
beginners will ask questions
lack of confidence but rapid improvment
knows whats wrong but doesn’t know how to correct

Question 19

Stage 2. associative

Answer 19

practise stage
refine technique and movement
more consistent, less errors
able to detect errors and develop strategies

Question 20

stage 3. autonomous

Answer 20

largely automatic skill
developed anticipation
detect own errors and correct them

Question 21

practise strategies: amount

Answer 21

refers to scheduling of practise sessions

availability, frequency and length of sessions

Question 22

Distribution: distributed practise

Answer 22

shorter but more frequent training sessions
more time for rest during sessions
creates better learning environment

Question 23

distribution: massed practise

Answer 23

less frequent training sessions that last for a longer period
rest intervals are shorter
physical and psychological fatigue is more likely to result from massed practise

Question 24

variability

Answer 24

several skills practised

Question 25

variability: blocked practise

Answer 25

practising the same skill continuously without changing to a different task
appropriate for beginners

Question 26

variability: random practise

Answer 26

varied sequencing of different motor skills in same training session
suitable for performers in stage 2 or 3

Question 27

qualitative movement analysis principals

Answer 27

1 preparation
2 observation
3 evaluation(diagnosis)
4 error correction(intervention)

Question 28

1. preparation

Answer 28

critical features of skill required for success
information about performers
details about observation stage

Question 29

2. observation

Answer 29

influence ability to observe- experience, knowledge, academic and technical training
to gather and organise information

Question 30

3. evaluation

Answer 30

the judgement of quality
determination of the value
what is the problem?

Question 31

4. error correction

Answer 31

providing feedback
visual demonstrations
mechanical guidance
manual guidence

Question 32

movement: individual constraints

Answer 32

structural- body size, fitness level

functional- anxiety, technical skills

Question 33

movement: environmental constraints

Answer 33

physical environment: weather, noise level, lacality

social/cultural environment: family support networks, peer groups, cultural norms

Question 34

task constraints

Answer 34

rules of sport
equipment available
player numbers/team size
field dimensions

Question 35

direct coaching

Answer 35

maximises practise time
emphases on mastering technique
instructor centred keeps learners on task

Question 36

constraint-based coaching

Answer 36

develops technical and tactical awareness
skills developed more to game environments
motivating
decreases likelihood of underperforming at times of stress

Question 37

reliability

Answer 37

ability of test to reproduce similar results in similar conditions
conditions, environment, equipment, observation technique

Question 38

validity

Answer 38

ability of the observation method to measure what is intended to

Question 39

environment constraints

Answer 39

surface

weather

Question 40

individual constraints

Answer 40

fatigue

physical state

Question 41

sociocultural factors at stages of learning

Answer 41

location
family support
role models