Movement Analysis (PAPER 1) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the sagittal plane? what movements are allowed?

A

The sagittal plane divides the left and right side of the body, vertically.
Flexion
&
Extension eg sommersault

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2
Q

what is the frontal plane? what movments are allwed?

A

The frontal plane divides the front and the back of the body, vertically.
Abduction
&
Adduction
eg cartwheele

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3
Q

what is the transverse plane? what movments are allowed?

A

The transverse plane divides the top and the bottom of the body, horizontally.
rotation eg pirouette

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4
Q

what is the sagittal axis? and what does sit allow?

A

The sagittal axis passes horizontally through the body from front to back, allowing rotation

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5
Q

what is the frontal axis? and what does it allow?

A

The frontal axis passes horizontally through the body from left to right, allowing rotation

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6
Q

what is the vertical axis? and what does it allow?

A

The vertical axis goes from top to bottom.
rotation of the body in an upright position.

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7
Q

what is a plane?

A

an imaginary line diving the body in two.

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8
Q

what is an axis?

A

an imaginary line around which a body or body part can turn

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9
Q

three types of lever systems:

A

First Class 1 F
Second Class 2 L
Third Class 3 E

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10
Q

There are 3 main components to a lever:

A

Fulcrum
Load
Effort

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11
Q

Fulcrum

A

the fixed pivot point (joints)

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12
Q

Load

A

the weight/resistance to be moved (object/body weight)

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13
Q

Effort

A

The source of energy that will do the work (muscles)

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14
Q

examples of first class leavers:

A

The fulcrum lies between the effort and load.
Extension in a Tricep dips

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15
Q

example of a second class leaver

A

The load lies between the fulcrum and the effort
ANKLE ONLY
When jumping or moving upwards the gastrocnemius provides the effort to push the ball of the foot, lifting the body in the air.

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16
Q

example of a third class leaver

A

The effort lies between the fulcrum and the load resistance.
During the upward phase of a bicep curl the biceps provides the effort to cause flexion at the elbow lifting the weight

17
Q

what symbol is a fulcrum

A

triangle

18
Q

what symbol is a load

A

square

19
Q

what symbol is an effort

A

arrow

20
Q

Lever Arms

A

Effort Arm
Load Arm

21
Q

Effort Arm:

A

distance from the effort to the fulcrum

22
Q

Load Arm:

A

from the load to the fulcrum

23
Q

Mechanical Advantage

A

Mechanical Advantage measures the efficiency of a lever

24
Q

Levers can have a:

A

High Mechanical Advantage
Low Mechanical Advantage

25
Q

high mechanical advantage:

A

effort arm is longer than load arm = move large loads with little effort

26
Q

low mechanical advantage:

A

effort arm is shorter than load arm = can’t overcome resistance or heavy loads even with the same amount of effort due to the position of the fulcrum

27
Q

mechanical advantage of a 1st class leaver

A

can move a large load with little effort

28
Q

mechanical disadvantage of a 1st class leaver

A

not able to move a load as far or as fast as a third class leaver

29
Q

mechanical advantage of a 2nd class leaver

A

can move a large load with little effort

30
Q

mechanical disadvantage of a 2nd class leaver

A

not able to move a load as far or as fast as a third class leaver

31
Q

mechanical advantage of a 3rd class leaver

A

load moves further giving a wide range of movement so can gain speed

32
Q

mechanical disadvantage of a 3rd class leaver

A

effort arm is short so muscle has to work harder to lift the load, the effort required is greater than the force exerted by the load