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MBChB221 Musculoskeletal > Motor Control II > Flashcards

Motor Control II Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha Motor Neurons get synaptic inputs from:

A
  • Descending motor tracts
  • Spinal interneurons
  • Propriospinal neurons
  • Muscle spindles
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2
Q

Corticospinal Tract does fine/gross motor

A

Fine

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3
Q

Reticulospinal tract does fine/gross motor

A

Gross

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4
Q

What do propriospinal Neurons do

A

Coordinate body/starting position of upper and lower limbs

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5
Q

Relationship between muscle and motor neuron pools

A

1 to 1

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6
Q

Muscle Spindles monitor

A

Muscle length and velocity of contraction (via measuring speed of length change)

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7
Q

Golgi Tendon Organs monitor

A

Muscle tension

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8
Q

What is in a reflex arc

A

Mutually connected neurons + effector tissue (muscle)

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9
Q

Monosynaptic Reflex

A

Just two neurons (sensory and response)

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10
Q

Polysnaptic Reflex

A

More than two neurons (sensory, response and extra responsive eg. antagonistic, multiple muscles )

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11
Q

Five elements of a reflex

A
  1. Receptors
  2. Afferent fibres
  3. Central Synaptic Relay
  4. Efferent fibres
  5. Effectors
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12
Q

Stretch Reflex 5 Elements

A
  1. Receptors = muscle spindles (detect change in length)
  2. Afferent fibres = Intrafusal 1A
  3. Synaptic Central Relay = 1A -> aMN
  4. Efferent fibres = aMN
  5. Effectors = Extrafusal Skeletal Muscle
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13
Q

Reciprocal Inhibitition

A

Inhibition of motor neurons of antagonistic muscles

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14
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition Synpatic Relays

A
  1. Normal (Afferent to aMN)
  2. 1A to 1A Inhibitory Interneurons (which then inhibit aMN of antagonist muscle)
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15
Q

Muscle Spindles made of

A

Collagen

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16
Q

Intrafusal fibres are found in

A

Muscle spindles

17
Q

Intrafusal fibres innervated by

A

Gamma motor neurons

18
Q

Gamma motor neurons cell body size

A

Small

19
Q

What is the function of gamma motor neurons

A

Keeping muscle spindles at appropriate lengths, so that they shorten with extrafusal fibres when alpha motor neurons evoke that

20
Q

Golgi Tendon Organ location

A

Myotendinous junction

21
Q

Golgi Tendon Organ innervation

A

Group 1b afferent

22
Q

Reverse Myotactic Reflex 5 Steps

A

Receptors = Golgi Tendon Organ
Afferent = 1B
Synaptic Relay = 1B afferent to 1B inhibitory interneuron which inhibits aMNs
Efferents = aMNs
Effectors = Muscle

23
Q

Purpose of reverse Myotactic reflex

A

Protect muscle from tension overload by inhibiting aMN of the same muscle, to prevent any more tension from more contraction

24
Q

Flexor Withdrawal Reflex 5 Parts

A

Receptors: Nociceptors (pain)
Afferects: Type III and IV
Synaptic Relays: III/IV to excitatory interneurons which excite flexor aMNs
Efferents: aMNs
Effectors: Flexor musles

25
Q

What happens to the other limb during Flexion withdrawal

A

Extensors contract, flexors relax (opposite to the withdrawing limb) = maintains balance

MBChB221 Musculoskeletal (26 decks)

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