Back Flashcards
Thoracic and Sacral spinal cord is anteriorly concave/convex
Concave
Cervical and Lumbar spinal cord is anteriorly concave/convex
Convex
The Primary Spinal Curvature is
Thoracic, Sacral
The Secondary Spinal Curvature is
Cervical and Lumbar
Why does the cervical curve arise
Head raised after birth
Why does the lumbar curve arise
Once you begin walking (quad->biped)
Scoliosis
Unnatural lateral curve due to hereditary rapid muscle growth
Excessive Anterior Curve common in
Elderly due to bone fray
Excessive Posterior Curve common in
Pregnant or obese as mass in front of spine pushes curve backwards
Cervical Ant/Post Position
1/3 from post, as brain quite posterior
Thoracic Ant/Post Position
1/4 from Post as Rib Cage very post
Lumbar Position Post/Ant
Midline as weight baring
Why do vertebral bodies increase in size going down
More mass to support
Vertebral Bone cortical or spongy
Mostly Spongy
Transverse and Spinous Process Attach
Muscle
Articular Process Attach
Next vertebrae
Pedicles are found
Between vertebral body and transverse processes
Laminae are found
Between transverse processes and spinous process
Annulus Fibrosis is fibrous/fluid
Fibrous (collagenous)
Nucleus Pulposus is fibrous/fluid
Fluid
Why do we get shorter with age
Nucleus Pulposus gets stiffer and compressed over time resulting in vertebrae being closer together = shorter
Vertebral Herniation is
Bulging of nucleus Pulposus = compresses spinal nerve
Most common vertebrae to have a hernia
Lumbar as posteriorly angled
Continous Spinal Ligametns
Anteiror Longitudinal
Posterior Longitudinal
Supraspinous
Intrinsic Spinal Ligaments
Ligamentum Flavum
Interspinous
Superifical Back Muscles
Lat Dorsi
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboids
Intermediate Back Muscles
Serratus Posterior Sup/Inf (help with resp)
Deep Back Muscles
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Multifidus
Erector Spine Muscle Function
Connects lower spine to upper spine
Erector Spine Muscles
Longissimus
Spinalis
Iliocostalis
Multifidus Muscle
Connects transverse process to vertebral higher up
Why do lower vertebrae have less movement potential
Facets superior posterior
Why do upper vertebrae have high movement potential
Facets anterior inferior
