Knee

Question 1

Knee joint proper joints

Answer 1

Femur-tibia
Femur-patella (Patellofemoral)

Same joint cavity ie same synovial fluid

Question 2

Meniscus Function

Answer 2

Increase articulation SA between femur and tibia = increased stability, decreased wear and tear

Question 3

Part of Tibia that articulates with femur

Answer 3

Tibial Plateau (very flat therefore needs menisci)

Question 4

Knee Joint type

Answer 4

Large hinge joint (huge amount of femoral cartilage allows size)

Question 5

Knee Joint movement permitted

Answer 5

Flex/Ext

Question 6

Part of femur that articulates with patella

Answer 6

Patellar Surface

Question 7

Parts of femur that articulates with tibia

Answer 7

Lateral and medial condyles (Cartilagenous)

Question 8

Patella tendon articulates with tibia at

Answer 8

Tibial Tuberosity

Question 9

Sesamoid Bone definition

Answer 9

Bone within a tendon

Question 10

Which tendon does patella sit within

Answer 10

Quadriceps Tendon

Question 11

Patella Function

Answer 11

Protects quadriceps tendon, stops it from snapping during knee extension/straightening

Question 12

Varus Joint

Answer 12

Apex points out

Question 13

Vagus Joint

Answer 13

Apex points in (Knock knees)

Question 14

Varus knee common in

Answer 14

Babies and elderly

Question 15

Valgus knee common in

Answer 15

Young girls

Question 16

5 Knee Joint Ligaments

Answer 16

Patellar Tendon/Ligament
Medial/Lateral Collateral Ligaments
Anterior/Posterior Cruciate Ligaments

Question 17

Patellar Tendon/Ligament Connects

Answer 17

Sup = Inf Patella
Inf = Tibial Tuberosity

Question 18

Patellar Ligament/Tendon is continuation of

Answer 18

Quadriceps Tendon

Question 19

Medial Collateral Ligament connects

Answer 19

Medial Femoral Epichondyle to Medial Tibia

Question 20

Lateral Collateral Ligament connects

Answer 20

Lateral Femoral Epichondyle to Fibula Head

Question 21

Collateral Ligament Functions

Answer 21

Prevents knee from going valgus/Varus (ie ensures knee only does flex/ext not side-to-side)

Question 22

MCL and LCL which blends with joint capsule and which is extracapusular

Answer 22

MCL = Blends
LCL = Discrete

Question 23

Are cruciate ligaments capsular

Answer 23

No, within the knee joint but outside the synovial capsule

Question 24

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Function

Answer 24

Prevents anterior translation (tibia sliding forward on femur)

Question 25

Posterior Cruciate Ligament function

Answer 25

Prevents posterior translation (tibia sliding backwards on femur)

Question 26

ACL connects

Answer 26

Anterior Tibial SPine to Femur Lateral Condyle

Question 27

PCL connects

Answer 27

Posterior Tibial Spine to Medial Femoral Condyle

Question 28

Prepatellar Bursa Location

Answer 28

Anterior to Patella

Question 29

Infrapatella Bursae Locations

Answer 29

Inferior to patella - one superficial one deep

Question 30

Suprapatella Bursa Location

Answer 30

Between quadriceps tendon and distal femur (ie within the knee joint cavity)

Question 31

Which knee bursa is continous with the knee joint

Answer 31

Suprapatellar (meaning this is the only knee bursa which can impact overall knee eg. Inflammation, infection)

Question 32

Medial Meniscus attached to joint capsule or loose?

Answer 32

Attached = less mobile = injured more

Question 33

Lateral Meniscus attached to joint capsule or loose?

Answer 33

Loose = mobile

Question 34

Why won’t menisci ever heal

Answer 34

Cartilagenous = no blood supply Problem as wear over time means that knee articulation SA decreases

Question 35

Most common Knee dislocation

Answer 35

Anterior

Question 36

Knee dislocation neurovascular structures at risk

Answer 36

Popliteal artery/vein, tibial and common fibular nerves

Question 37

Patella Dislocation degree of seriousness

Answer 37

Limited, as easy to put back + unlikely to damage nerves/BVs

Question 38

Knee Joint Innervation

Answer 38

Branches of all (Femoral, Sciatic, Obturator)

Question 39

Knee Joint Vascular Supply

Answer 39

Lots: (Femoral, Lat Femoral Cirxumflex, Popliteal, Ant Tib, Cirxumflex Peroneal)

Question 40

L2 Myotome

Answer 40

Hip Flexion

Question 41

L3 Myotome

Answer 41

Knee Extension

Question 42

L4 Myotome

Answer 42

Ankle Dorsiflexion

Question 43

L5 Myotome

Answer 43

Great Toe Extension

Question 44

S1 Myotome

Answer 44

Ankle Plantarflexion

Question 45

Lateral Force to Knee tears

Answer 45

Terrible Triad Medial Collateral Lig Anterior Cruciate Lig Medial Meniscus (though can be Lateral Meniscus)