Motor Control 1, 2 & 3 Flashcards
What motor function is associated with the higher level and which structures are involved?
Strategy - Association neocortex and basal ganglion
What motor function is associated with the middle level and which structures are involved?
Tactics - Motor cortex and cerebellum
What motor function is associated with the lower levels and which structures are involved?
Execution - Brainstem and spinal cord
What is the function of the lateral pathways?
Control of voluntary movements under cortical control
What is the function of the ventromedial pathways?
Control posture and locomotion - under brainstem control
Where does the rubrospinal tract start?
Red nucleus of the midbrain
What is the function of the vestibulospinal tract?
Stabilises the head and neck
What is the function of the tectospinal tract?
To ensure eyes remain stable as the body moves
Where do the pontine and medullary reticulospinal tracts originate?
Brainstem
What information do the pontine and medullary reticulospinal tracts carry?
Sensory information about balance, body position and vision
What reflex do the pontine and medullary reticulospinal tracts control?
Maintenance of balance and body position
What are the components of the motor loop?
Cortex to putamen: excitatory
Putamen to globus pallidus: inhibitory
Globus pallidus to VLo neurones: inhibitory
VLo back to SMA: excitatory
What is hypokinesia?
Slowness, difficulty to make voluntary movements, increased muscle tone and tremors of the hand and jaw
What input does the cerebellum have on motor control?
It instructs direction, timing and force
