Motivation and Emotion (Chp. 8) Flashcards

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1
Q

Drive reduction theory

A

motivation to reduce our drives

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2
Q

Primary drives

A

(biological) hunger, thirst, oxygen, reproduction

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3
Q

Secondary drives

A

items we have learned, not born understanding (ex: $, relationships)

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4
Q

Reason for primary/secondary drives

A

Seek homeostasis (balance)

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5
Q

Arousal theory

A

In order to complete task, need to be aroused (each has own optimal level), amount of energy needed

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6
Q

Yerkes-Dodson Law

A

perform easy task well with high arousal vs difficult task done poorly (each task requires diff. arousal) ex: getting ready for game vs getting ready for test

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7
Q

Incentive theory

A

we are drawn to rewards because of learning (develpo thru life)

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8
Q

Internal incentive theory

A

tell yourself getting to eat piece of cake after working

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9
Q

External incentive theory

A

mom says clean your room= get to hang out with friends

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10
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

we are motivated to self actualize

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11
Q

(Social motivation) Achievement

A

motivated to achieve tasks/goals (academic, social cultural)

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12
Q

(Social motivation) Extrinsic

A

comes from outside source (go to class to see hot guy)

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13
Q

(Social motivation) Intrinsic

A

want to be learned, internal desire (super cedes extrinsic)

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14
Q

Management theory

A

motivating employees

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15
Q

Management theory X

A

rewards and punishments (ex: bonuses)

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16
Q

Management theory Y

A

intrinsic motivation (autonomy, independence)

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17
Q

Three types of conflict in motivation

A

Approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, approach-avoidance

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18
Q

Approach-approach conflict

A

two desirable outcomes but can only have one

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19
Q

Avoidance- avoidance conflict

A

two negative outcomes, have to deal with one

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20
Q

Approach-avoidance conflict

A

have both desirable and negative outcomes (ex having kids= expensive+joy)

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21
Q

Two types of hunger motivation

A

stimulate ventromedial/lateral hypothalamus

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22
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

stimulates hunger

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23
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus

A

suppresses hunger

24
Q

Set point theory

A

hypothalamus seeks optimal body weight (send hunger signals when below optimum weight, triggers low meta. rate when hungry)

25
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

overeating then purging

26
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Dieting resulting in not eating

27
Q

Optimum arousal

A

Set amount of action that is perfect to complete certain task

28
Q

Instinct

A

Unlearned complex behavior that is patterned in species

29
Q

Incentive

A

Positive/negative environment stimulus that causes a behavior

30
Q

Basal metabolic rate

A

Resting rate of energy, what metabolism runs at while resting (younger= faster)

31
Q

Sexual response cycle

A

Excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution (Masters/Johnson)

32
Q

Excitement phase (SRC)

A

brain stimulated, pituitary releases sex hormones, CNS sympathetic excites

33
Q

Plateau phase (SRC)

A

regulated/steady amount of sex hormones

34
Q

Orgasm

A

muscle contractions, subconscious

35
Q

Resolution phase (SRC)

A

Refractory period- neuron can’t send messages, cycle doesn’t occur

36
Q

Biological psychology of sex

A

Sexual maturity (puberty), sexual orientation (LGBTQ)

37
Q

Psychological aspect of sex

A

fantasies (exposure to stimuli)

38
Q

Social cultural aspect of sex

A

Family/society values, religious/personal values, media

39
Q

Emotions are a mix of…

A

Physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, conscious thoughts

40
Q

Ekman’s basic emotions

A

joy, sadness, fear, anger, disgust

41
Q

Glucose

A

Sugar that circulates blood/provides energy for body

42
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintain a balance/consistent internal state (regulation of body chem)

43
Q

Izard’s ten emotions

A

The five basic+ interest/excitement, shame, content, guilt, surprise

44
Q

Selye’s general adaption syndrome

A

battle emotion when out of homeostasis (alarm, resistance, exhaustion)

45
Q

Alarm

A

go into sympathetic NS, fast heart rate/breathing

46
Q

Resistance

A

use sympathetic NS to return to homeostasis (ex: relieve stress)

47
Q

Exhaustion

A

Too much time in resistance= fatigue/sickness

48
Q

Lazarus’ theory of emotion

A

Appraisal theory: cognitive appraisal causes emotion (don’t send to see it to have emotion i.e. nails on a chalkboard)

49
Q

James-Lange

A

Event-> Physiological response -> interpretation of experience= emotion

50
Q

Cannon-Bard

A

Event-> Physiological response and interpretation same time= emotion

51
Q

Schacter Two-Factor

A

Event-> physiological response and cognitive labeling-> experience emotion

52
Q

Zajonc-Ledoux

A

Event-> emotion-> physiological response

53
Q

T-lymphocytes

A

Fight illness

54
Q

B-lymphocytes

A

Produce antibodies

55
Q

Seasonal affective disorder

A

(light therapy) emotions change based on seasons (no sun= depression)