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My AP Psychology > Chapter 5/10 > Flashcards

Chapter 5/10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

Being aware of surroundings

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2
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

Natural/bio sleep clock (when to sleep/get up)

– occurs throughout the day i.e. After lunch

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3
Q

Alpha waves

A

Slows physical processes (ex holding head up)

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4
Q

Sleep stage one

A

See, feel, and taste things

– very light, easily woken, move a lot

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5
Q

Sleep stage two

A

Sleep spindles

– no activity to sudden activity bursts

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6
Q

Sleep stage 3

A

Delta waves
– deepest sleep, difficult to wake
– makes us feel most tired
(Then back to stage 2)

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7
Q

REM sleep

A

“Rapid eye movement”
Improved brain activity to recuperate
-body at paralysis, brain activity at height
-physiological development

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8
Q

Why sleep?

A 
Explain:
Protects
Recuperate
Make memories
Creative thinking (inspires)
Growth/development
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9
Q

How sleep aids bodily development

A

Limbic system releases glands

– pituitary glands release hormones= growth

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10
Q

Insomnia

A

Don’t sleep, body refuses to

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11
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Fall asleep during high alert (even standing)

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12
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Don’t breathe periodically during sleep (snoring)

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13
Q

Night terrors

A

Childhood memories, very extreme/violent

– hallucinations that follow to consciousness

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14
Q

Freud’s wish fulfillment

A

Our personality comes from violent/sexual subconscious drives

    • can’t act on when conscious (in society)
    • our dreams express drives (no ego/esteem)
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15
Q

How long does each sleep stage last?

A

90-120 minutes

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16
Q

(Why we dream) Information processing

A

Dream about things we’ve done recently

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17
Q

Activation Synthesis

A

R.E.M. sleep forms images that blend together to make a scene

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18
Q

Physiological function

A

Preservation/creation or neural pathways

Function of dreams

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19
Q

Cognitive development

A

Dream of item we see daily

– develops understanding of it

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20
Q

Hypnosis

A

Power of suggestion
– perceptions/beliefs/ideas taken in
Ex: hypnotherapy (addictions/phobias)

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21
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

“Father of modern psych”

    • personality comes from unconscious drives (sexual/violent)
    • result of conflicts between super ego/id
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22
Q

Personality structure (iceberg)

A

Id- pleasure principle, focuses on immediate gratification/survival (present at birth)

Ego- reality principle, considers societal standards to bedsore between the two

Superego- represents right and wrong, our conscience

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23
Q

List the 5 psychosexual stages

A 
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
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24
Q

Phallic stage

A

Recognize other sex and their parts
Oedipus complex– “mama’s boy”
Electra complex– girls realize don’t have guy part

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25
Q

Latency stage

A

Revert back to other things

- same sex relationships, school, sports

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26
Q

Repression

A

Banish past feelings, don’t remember them

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27
Q

Regression

A

Retreat to earlier stages

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28
Q

Reaction formation

A

Subconsciously do the opposite

– ex. Mean to you because they love you

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29
Q

Projection

A

Disguises thoughts by attributing them to others

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30
Q

Rationalization

A

Self justify actions

Ex. Buy ugly car but good mileage

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31
Q

Displacement

A

Divert sexual/aggressive actions to more acceptable object (anger out on something else)
Ex. Punch person vs pillow

32
Q

Sublimation

A

Unacceptable beliefs to socially acceptable activity

Ex. Going insane vs anger through dance

33
Q

Denial

A

Subconsciously deny actions, choices, and thoughts

34
Q

List Freud’s defense mechanisms

A 
Repression 
Regression
RF
Projection
Rationalization 
Displacement
Sublimation
Denial
35
Q

Carl Jung (NF)

A

Collective conscious

- aided Freud in findings

36
Q

Alfred Adler (NF)

A

Inferiority complex- find sense of inferiority but find ways to offset
(Being short= big personality)

37
Q

Karen Horney (NF)

A

Tested females using psychoanalysis
Toward- excessive need for approval
Against- excessive need for power
Away- desire to be independent

38
Q

Superiority complex

A

Person concentrates on their own need to succeed versus needs of others

39
Q

Collective unconscious

A

Contains info passed from generations for growth and survival

40
Q

Carl Rogers (humanistic)

A

Self concept- beliefs one has about themselves
Unconditional- love for others without conditions being met
Conditional- only show love when requirements met

41
Q

Actualizing tendency

A

Drive within that pushes to reach fullest potential

42
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Hierarchy of needs (humanistic)

Personality= self growth

43
Q

List hierarchy of needs in order

A 
Physiological 
Safety
Love and belonging
Self esteem
Self actualization (content with who we are)
44
Q

Traits

A

Characteristic patterns/predispositions to behave

45
Q

Gordon Allport

A

One of first theorists to research role of traits in personality
Cardinal- define person, dominate
Central (source)- everyone has of varying degree
Secondary (surface)- easily observed, doesn’t actually describe who they are

46
Q

Raymond Cattell

A

Factor analysis- math formula showing how traits predict/relate to other traits

47
Q

MBTI or 16PF

A

16 basic personality types test

48
Q

Robert McCrae and Paul Costa

A

Big 5

- building blocks of personality

49
Q

CANOE

A 
Conscientiousness (organized)
Agreeableness (trust)
Neuroticism (calm)
Openness (imaginative)
Extraversion (affectionate)
50
Q

Trait perspective

A

Characteristic pattern of behavior

- disposition to feel or act

51
Q

Hans Eysenck

A

3 dimensions of biological traits:
Extraversion vs introversion
Neuroticism vs emotionally stable
Psychoticism vs welfare for others

52
Q

Social cognitive perspective

A

Belief that interaction of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors affect personality

53
Q

Objective personality test

A

Direct questions with specific answers

MC, T/F

54
Q

MMPI

A

Most widely used objective test

  • empirically derived (from data/ past exp)
  • for abnormal behavior
55
Q

Albert Bandura (SC)

A

Reciprocal determinism

- personality is result of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors

56
Q

Self-efficacy

A

Albert Bandura

- beliefs/opinions someone has about themselves

57
Q

Julian Rotter

A

Expectancy theory
- our expectations of the outcome of situation
External locus- controlled by outside factors
Internal locus- can control own fate

58
Q

Martin Seligman

A

Learned helplessness
- repeatedly attempt something, keep failing, give up
Positive psych
- optimism, positive attitude, successful

59
Q

Spotlight effect

A

Think people pay attention to us more than they actually do

60
Q

Self serving bias

A

Believe what we do is more important than others

61
Q

Individualism

A

Personal successes

62
Q

Collectivism

A

Based on group success

63
Q

Type A personality

A

Controlling, strict, organized, easily stressed

64
Q

Type B personality

A

Not rushed, disorganized, relaxed

65
Q

Libido

A

Psychic energy in Id

66
Q

Thanatos

A

In Id, responsible for aggression

67
Q

Eros

A

Energy that preserves life in Id

68
Q

Projective tests

A

Designed to project/reveal unconscious thoughts

69
Q

Rorschach tests

A

Inkblots

70
Q

TAT tests

A

Ambiguous scenes which patients then tells story and report what they saw

71
Q

Personal control

A

Determine own outcome

72
Q

Personality

A

an individual’s patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving

73
Q

Humanistic perspective

A

psychological approach that emphasizes free will, personal growth, and achievement of human potential

74
Q

Cognitive perspective

A

A psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior

75
Q

Psychodynamic (analytic) perspective

A

Perspective of psychology that focuses on how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

My AP Psychology (8 decks)

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