Motivation And Emotion

Question 1

Instinct Approach

(Approaches to Motivation

Answer 1

We are wired with diets of behaviors essential to our survival. Those instincts provide the energy to perform the appropriate behavior

Ex: instinct to reproduce driving sexual behavior or institnct to examine surrounding driving exploring behavior

Question 2

Drive reduction approach

Approaches to motivation

Answer 2

We are motivated to satisfy basic needs such as hunger, that sleep, sex

Ex: steal food out of starvation, put on more clothes because it’s cold outside

Question 3

Arousal Approach

Approaches to Motivation

Answer 3

We are motivated to maintain the optimal level of arousal.stimulation depending on the situation and personal preference

Ex: jumping out of an airplane, binge drinking, mediating

Question 4

Incentive Approach

Approaches to Motivation

Answer 4

We are motivated by external incentives that can about through social pull

Ex: getting good grades, eating too much cake, working out, plastic surgery

Question 5

Cognitive approaches

Answer 5

Motivation is a result of ppls thoughts, beliefs, expectations, and goals.

Intrinsic: For self

Extensive: Motivated by concrete reward (Exercising because you like it vs. to get fit

Over-justification effect: Being rewarded for something lowers the intrinsic motivation for that behavior

Question 6

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 6

Motivation occurs in a hierarchy in which primary needs must be met before more sophisticated needs. We are constantly trying to preach our fullest potential or self-actualization

Question 7

James-Lange Theory

Theories of emotion

Answer 7

Experience emotion as a result of physiological changes and the brain interprets these sensations as a specific kind of emotional experience

Question 8

Cannon-Bard Theory

Theories of Emotion

Answer 8

Physiological arousal and emotional experience are produced simultaneously by the same nerve stimulus, the thalamus sends a signal to the autonomic nervous system that produces a physiological response, and at the same time the thalamus communicates to the cereal cortex that produces emotion

Question 9

Sachet-Singer Theory

Theories of Emotion

Answer 9

Emotions are determined by some sort of physiological response and our interpretation based on the environment and those in the environment. This occurs particularly when the physiological response is nonspecific, so we look to the environment as to the appropriate response

Ex: ppl coming over to you when you get hit by a ball

Question 10

Neuroscience of Emotions

Answer 10

• Different emotions activate different portions of brains

(Happiness decreases a specific area in cerebral cortex, while sadness increases activity in another part of the cortex)

• Amygdala provides a link between the perception of an emotion-producing stimulus and recall of that stimulus later

(If we get attacked by a seagull, being scared of seagulls in the future)

• We can process and respond to some emotion-related stimulus instantly while the higher and more rational thinking can often take longer

(Jumping when a friend pops out)