Motivation Flashcards
What are the two types of motivated behaviour?
regulatory and non-regulatory
What is regulatory motivated behaviour?
driven by survival needs, controlled by homeostatic mechanisms
(internal temp., eating, drinking, salt intake)
What is non-regulatory motivated behaviour?
not required for survival, not controlled by homeostatic mechanisms (sex, parenting, curiousity, food preferences)
What plays a central role in neuroanatomy of motivation?
hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus interact with?
Endocrine system, autonomic nervous system, neocortex
What is the medial forebrain bundle?
Primary pathway connecting limbic system with rest of brain
What is the function of limbic system?
Deals with emotional processes
What factors control activity of hypothalamus and endocrine system?
Feedback loops (homeostatic control of hormone levels), neural control (influence cortical regions via sight/sound/thoughts), experiential responses (plasticity of neurons in response to stimulus changes)
What are the three components of emotion?
Autonomic/somatic responses, subjective feelings, cognitive
What is the constructivist theory of emotion?
Brain interprets physiological emotions
Ex. Fast heart rate means scared
What is the appraisal theory of emotion?
3 interactive systems produce an emotional state (appraisal of context, physiological effects, feeling)
What is the neuropsychological theory of emotion?
Not a unified theory or model, suggests emotional control is lateralized to hemispheres
What is the difference between left hemisphere damage and right hemisphere damage in neuropsychological thery of emotion?
LH: fearfulness, depression, role in interpretation
RH: emotional indifference, play role in feelings
Is the site of damage or the side that gets damaged more important for determine effect on emotion?
Site
What are the two main parts of the limbic system?
Amygdala, hippocmapus
What are the three components of rewards?
Learning, motivation, affective
Stimulation of what activates the reward system?
medial forebrain bundle
WHat type of system is the reward system?
primarily dopaminergic, opiod and cannabinoid also amplify lking
The activation of what hotspots may contribute to feelings of pleasure?
Nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, insula,
orbital PFC
What is TIPP an example of? What does it stand for?
DBT technique
temperature, intense exercise, paced breathing, paired muslce relaxation
What does hypovolemic thirst result from?
Decline in total volume of body fluids
What causes hypovolemic thirst vs osmotic?
Working out, eating salty chips
What is osmotic thirst?
Increased concentration of solutes in body fluids
