Motion Dynamics

Question 1

3 types of joints

Answer 1

fibrous (skull articulations)
cartilaginous (discs between vertebrae)
synovial (extremities)

Question 2

6 types of synovial joints

Answer 2

pivot joint (C1 & C2)
ball & socket joint (hip)
condyloid joint (radius & carpal bones)
plane joint (tarsal bones)
saddle joint (trapezium & 1st metacarpal bone)
hinge joint (elbow)

Question 3

ROM

Answer 3

most joints have primary motion in 1 plane, smaller motions in other 2 planes

Question 4

motion

Answer 4

has direction, range & quality

Question 5

direction of motion

Answer 5

flexion, extension, sidebending, rotation

Question 6

quality of motion

Answer 6

smooth, ratcheting (Parkinsons), restricted (contracture/SD), resistance to motion induced (cerebral palsy)

Question 7

End Feels of ROM

Answer 7

elastic
abrupt (OA)
hard (SD)
empty
crisp (pinched nerve)

Question 8

Flexibility

Answer 8

range of motion in a joint or group of joints

ability to move joints effectively through complete ROM

Question 9

static flexibility

Answer 9

maximal ROM a joint can achieve w/ EXTERNALLY applied force

Question 10

dynamic flexibility

Answer 10

ROM an athlete can produce & speed at which can be produced

Question 11

stiffness

Answer 11

reduced ROM of a joint or group of joints

Question 12

Spine ROM

Answer 12

complicated system of articulations & bony segments

functional unit=2 vertebrae, assoc neurovasc & other soft tissues

Question 13

what part of spine displays greatest motion?

Answer 13

cervical spine (can flex, extend, sidebend)

Question 14

coupled motion

Answer 14

consistent association of a motion along or about 1 axis w/ another motion about or along a 2nd axis

principle motion cannot be produced w/o assoc motion occurring as well

Question 15

what part of spine does flexion & extension?

Answer 15

cervical, thoracic & lumbar

Question 16

Linkage

Answer 16

relationship of joint mechanics w/ surrounding structures

by linking many structures together, get increased ROM

specific joint assessment requires joint isolation for accurate measurement & evaluation

Question 17

Breighton Criteria

Answer 17

excessive lumbar flexion
excessive finger extension
excessive wrist flexion
excessive elbow extension
extensive knee extension

Question 18

Ehler Danlos syndrome

Answer 18

2 major criteria
1 major criteria & 2 minor criteria
4 minor criteria
2 minor criteria & affected 1st degree relative in family

Question 19

Skeletal Dysfunctions

Answer 19

hard end point:
OA
RA
somatic dysfunction

Question 20

arthrodial dysfunction

Answer 20

hard end point:
OA
RA
somatic dysfunction

Question 21

myofascial dysfunction

Answer 21

tight, elastic end point:
scar tissue
somatic dysfunction

Question 22

vascular dysfunction

Answer 22

empty end feel:
peripheral vascular disease
thoracic outlet syndrome
somatic dysfunction

Question 23

lymphatic dysfunction

Answer 23

empty or boggy end feel:
lymphedema
visceral dysfunction
acute injury
somatic dysfunction

Question 24

neural dysfunction

Answer 24

crisp or empty end feel:
herniated disc
thoracic outlet syndrome
somatic dysfunction

Question 25

Major Criteria for Ehler Danlos

Answer 25

Breighton score of 4

arthralgia for longer than 3 months in 4 or more joints

Question 26

Minor criteria for Ehler Danlos

Answer 26

Breighton score 2, 3
arthralgia in 3ish joints
dislocation/subluxation in 1 joint
soft tissue lesions
marfanoid habitus
hyperextensibility
occular signs
mitral valve prolapse