Introduction to Somatic Dysfunction Lecture Flashcards
4 osteopathic tenets
body is a unit
body possesses self regulatory mechanisms
structure & function are reciprocally related
rational therapy is based on an understanding of body unit, self-regulatory mechanisms, & inter-relationship of structure & function
somatic dysfunction
impaired or altered function of related components of somatic system including the skeletal, arthrodial, & myofascial structures & their related vascular, lymphatic, & neural elements
consequences of somatic dysfunction
scoliosis-dysfunction of heart/lungs (change in anatomy)
interactions between vertebra & nerves they protect may cause change in visceral function
to diagnose somatic dysfunction
TART
tissue texture
asymmetry
range of motion
tenderness
Tissue Texture Abnormalities
temp, drag, texture, edema, bogginness, elasticity, dryness, ropey, stringy, scars, spasm
How do you diagnose somatic dysfunction?
position of body part determined by palpation & referenced to its defined adj structure
How do you name a somatic dysfunction?
name somatic dysfunction for what it WILL do
elbow extended somatic dysfunction
elbow will extend, limited to flexion
Acute Somatic Dysfunction
pain erythema relative warmth increased moisture vasodilation edema tenderness tissue contraction
Chronic Somatic Dysfunction
itching paresthesia palpable sense of tissue dryness coolness tissue contracture fibrosis tenderness pallor
Contraction
process of which a muscle becomes or is made shorter & tighter
Contracture
abnormal, sometimes permanent contraction of muscle
Acute Tissue Texture Abnormalities
erythematous hot bogginess edema spasm tissue contraction
Chronic Tissue Texture Abnormalities
pale cool ropey stringy scar doughy
How do you treat somatic dysfunction?
OMT (osteopathic manipulative treatment)
OMT
therapeutic application of manually guided forces by osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction
ROM
active: pt does the motion
passive: physician does the motion
Physiologic barrier
limit of active motion
Anatomic barrier
limit imposed by anatomic structure (if go past, leads to break or injury)
Elastic range
range of motion between physiologic & anatomic barrier
Restrictive barrier
functional limit that ABNORMALLY diminishes the normal physiologic range
Indications for OMT
somatic dysfunction
visceral dysfunction
Why OMT?
OMT has been demonstrated to be effective in improving physiological functions using certain pt populations w/ clearly defined conditions
OMT Contraindications
no somatic dysfunction
pt does not consent
inappropriate clinical situation (emergent)
Avoiding Post-OMT Symptoms
History & PE (ascertain avoidable risks)
appropriate choice of technique (risk v benefit)
appropriate application of technique
hydration & rest
