Mortality and morbidity Flashcards
4 resources from which mortality rates are generated from
death certificates
pathological autopsy
verbal autopsy
psychological autopsy
crude death rates
deaths per people at risk of dying
proportionate death rates
refer to death rates of a given cause
case fatality
number of people of disease who die / total number of people with disease
age specific death rate
age standardised death rate
death rate of a given age group
where age is controlled for
infant mortality
0-1
child mortality
1-4
adult mortality
15-60
maternal mortality
death before, during, after childbirth
life expectancy
how long an individual can expect to live if current mortality rates don’t change
3 limitations
info about deaths may be unavailable/incomplete
info may be collected differently between countries
mortality doesnt tell us everything
describe relationship between incidence and mortality
mortality lags behind incidence - as deaths occur after disease occurs
define: morbidity
any departure, whether subjective or objective, from state of physiological/psychological wellbeing
define: disability
any reduction (temporary/permanent) in functioning
3 measures of mortality/morbidity?
potential years of life lost
quality adjusted life years
disability adjusted life years
define disability adjusted life years
DALY = YLL + YLD
years of life lost (premature death)
years of healthy life lost (disease/disability; weighted)
measures BOD
how do you calculate potential years of life lost
find average years of life lost (baseline of 65 yrs)
find number of people who die early
multiply!!
how do you calculate quality adjusted life years
for each year of life, calculate its quality on a scale of 0-1. then add all results
