Diseases: food/water borne, fecal-oral route, blood borne Flashcards
food and water borne disease acronym
SCHNuT
what are the 5 food and water borne diseases
salmonella cholera hepatitis A norovirus typhoid
are water borne diseases
- acute or chronic
- vaccine preventable
acute, yes vaccine preventable
what is the fecal-oral route disease
poliomyelitis
how is poliomyelitis spread
person to person contact
what does the polio virus do INITIALLY
destroys neurons of spinal cord
what are two CONSEQUENCES of thsi
irreversible paralysis
death - due to immobilisation of breathing muscles
polio cure?
none
polio vaccine?
exists
what population group is most affected by polio?
those under 5
what are the 3 blood borne diseases
HIV
Hep B
Hep C
how is HIV spread? 3 ways
mother –> child
sex
blood
what does the HIV virus do INITIALLY
it inhibits helper T cells, which prevents immune function
what are two CONSEQUENCES of this
flu like symptoms
opportunistic infections
is there a vaccine for HIV?
no
4 ways HIV can be prevented? think back to sex and blood
safe sex
safe injecting rooms
disposing of sharps
checking blood to be transfused
what drugs are used to manage HIV
antiretrovirals
where is HIV most common
africa and surprisingly america
hepatitis in general
- definition
- what type of infectious agent is it caused by
- two risk factors
inflammation of the liver
virus
drug and alcohol use
hepatitis b: vaccine preventable?
yes
hepatitis B: how is it transmitted? 5 ways; 3 shared with HIV
mother --> child blood/body fluid exposure unsafe sex unclean needles unclean medical equipment
is hep b chronic or acute
chronic
2 consequences of hep B
liver cancer
death
there’s a drug used to treat hep B and HIV, what is it
tenofovir
hep C: chronic or acute?
chronic
hep C: vaccine preventable?
no
hep C: discuss treatment
high cure rates
