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204 anatomy > morphological plan of lower limb > Flashcards

morphological plan of lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

where are the extensors of the upper limb?

A

anterior

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2
Q

where are the flexors of the upper limb?

A

posterior

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3
Q

what are the functions of the different parts of thigh?

A

anterior- extends knee posterior- flexes knee medial- adducts thigh

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4
Q

what are the functions of the different parts of the leg?

A

anterior- extends foot posterior- flexors of foot lateral- everts foot

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5
Q

what is the function of gluteus maximus?

A

extention, lateral rotation, and supports extention of knee via iliotibial tract during standing

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6
Q

what is the function of gluteus medius?

A

abductor and medial rotator

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7
Q

what is the function of gluteus minimus?

A

abductor and medial rotator

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8
Q

what is the nerve supply to gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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9
Q

what are the orgins and insertions of gluteus maximus?

A

origin: illium inserts: gluteal tuberosity of femur and illiotibial tract

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10
Q

which muscle makes the illiotibial tract?

A

tensor fasciae latae

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11
Q

what are the origins and inseritons of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

origin: illium insertion: greater trochanter of femur

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12
Q

what is the nerve supply of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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13
Q

what is the origin and insertion and nerve supply of the piriformis?

A

piriformis is one of the small muslces of the gluteal region origin: sacrum insertion: greater trochanter of femur nerves: sacral plexus

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14
Q

what is the function of the small muscles of the gluteal region?

A

stabilize hip lateral rotation and extention of thigh

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15
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the quadraceps (anterior thigh)?

A
  1. rectus femoris
  2. vastus lateralis
  3. vastus medialis
  4. vastus intermedius
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16
Q

what is the function of the quadraceps?

A

extend knee

rector femoris also flexes hip

17
Q

what are the origins and insertions and nerves of the quadratus muscles?

A

origins: anteriro inferior iliac spine and femur
insertion: tibial tuberosity
nerve: femoral nerve

18
Q

what are the 3 hamstring muscles?

A
  1. biceps femoris
  2. semimembranousus (medial)
  3. semitendinosus (lateral)
19
Q

what are the orignis inseretions and nerve supply to the hamstrings?

A

origin: schial tuberosity
insertion: tibia and fibula

nerve supply: sciatic nerve

20
Q

what are the functions of hamstring muscles?

A

flex knee

extend hip

medial and lateral rotation of knee

21
Q

what are the muscles of the medial compartment of the upper limb?

A

superficial- pectoneus, adductor longus and glacilis

mid - adductor brevis

deep- adductor magnus (which has an adductor part and a hamstring part)

22
Q

what are the origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscles of the medial compartment?

A

origin- pubis and ischium

insertion- linea aspera

nerve supply- obturator nerve- except the pectonius and hamstring part of adductor magnus

pectonius- supplied by femoral nerve

hamstring part of adductor magnus- supplied by sciatic nerve

23
Q

which vertebrae does the femoral nerve arrise from?

A

l2-4

24
Q

which vertebrae does the obturator nerve srrise from?

A

l2-4

25
Q

which vertebrae does the sciatic nerve arrise from?

A

l4-s3

26
Q

what is the function of the femoreal nerve?

A

motor innervation: to the anterior compartment of thigh

sensory innervation: to the skin over anterior thigh, knee and medial side of leg and foot (as saphenous nerve)

27
Q

what is the function of the obturator nerve?

A

motor supply to; medial compartment of thigh- except pectonious which is supplied by the femoral nerve and hamstring part of adductor magnus, which is supplied by the sciatic nerve

sensory: skin over the medial thigh

28
Q

how does the sciatic nerve split?

A

l2-s3 from greater sciatic foramen

passes through popliteal fossa and becomes tibial and common fibular nerve

common fibular splits into superficial and deep fibular

sural nerve also passes doen into lateral foot

29
Q

what are the functions of the sciatic nerve?

A

motor- posterior compartment of thigh leg and foot and hamstring part of sdductor magnus

sensory; skin iver leh and foot- except on the medial side- which is supplied by the saphenous nerve, which a cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve

30
Q

what is the blood supply of the anterior thigh?

A

external illiac artery passes through inguinal ligamnet

becomes femoral artery- which has a branch called profunda femoris, which supplies posterior thigh

femoral artery passes adductor hiatus and becomes popliteal artery

which splits into anterior and posterior tibial arteries

31
Q

what are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

superior border- inguinal ligament

lateral border- sartorius

medial border- adductor longus

32
Q

what are the conents of the femoral triangle?

A

femoral atery , femoral vein and femoral canal (which contains lymphatics) are all within the femoral sheath

femoral nerve sits lateral to the femoral artery and is outside of the femoral sheath

33
Q

what is the venous drainage of lower limbs?

A
  • deep veins follow arteries
  • and there are 2 superficial veins- long shapheous vein and short saphenous vein
34
Q

what does the great saphenous vein do?

A
  • longest vein in body
  • drains medial side of arch and medial side of limb
  • drains into the femoral vein in the femoral triangle
35
Q

what is the function of the short saphenous vein?

A

drains the lateral side of the arch

  • pierces popliteal fascia and drains into popliteal vein
36
Q

what about lymphatic drainage of the lower limb?

A

suerficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes follow the pattern ofsuperficial and deep veins

37
Q

what are the dermatomes of the lower limb?

A

204 anatomy (11 decks)

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