anatomy of the forearm

Question 1

what are the different joints of the elbow?

Answer 1

synovial hinge joint- for flexion and extention

proximal radioulnar joint (pivot joint)- for supination and pronation

Question 2

what are the different ligaments of the elbow?

Answer 2

radial collateral ligament- connects radius to humerus

ulnar collateral ligament- connects ular to humerus

anular ligament- connects radius and ulnar

Question 3

what is inside the cubital fossa?

Answer 3

• biceps tendon
• brachial artery
• median nerve

Question 5

what are the superficial muscles of the anterior compartemnt of the forearm?

Answer 5

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

palmaris longus

and pronator teres

Question 6

what muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment?

Answer 6

flexor digitoum superficialis

Question 7

what are the muscles of the deep layer of the anterior compartment?

Answer 7

• flexor pollicus longus
• flexor digitorum profundus
• pronator quadratus

Question 8

what are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment?

Answer 8

arrising form the common extensor compartmet…

• extensor carpi radialis longus
• extensor carpi radialis brevis
• extensor digitorium
• extensor digiti minimi
• extensor carpi ulnaris

and 2 others –> brachiradialis and anconeus

Question 9

what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 9

BBC

• brachialis
• brachialis
• corocobrachialis

Question 10

what are the functions of brachioradialis and anconeus?

Answer 10

brachioradialis- fles arm when its half pronated

anconeus- stabilises the elbow

Question 11

which muscles are in the deep layer of the posterior compartment?

Answer 11

• supinator

thes rest form the anatomical snuff box..

• adductor longus
• extensor pollicus brevis
• extensor pollicis longus
• extensor indicis

Question 12

which muscles cause abduction of the wrist?

Answer 12

flexor carpi radialis

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Question 13

which muscles cause adduction of wrist?

Answer 13

flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 14

what is the purpuse of the flexors and extensors of the radius and ulna?

Answer 14

splinting of the wrist to allow fine movement

Question 15

which muslces are involved in supination?

Answer 15

• biceps brachii
• deep and superficial supinators

Question 16

which muscles are involved in pronation?

Answer 16

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

Question 17

what happens to arrangement of ulnar and radius during pronation?

Answer 17

radius rotates over the ular

Question 18

what is inside the carpal tunnel?

Answer 18

• median nerve
• FPL

FDS

FDP

Question 19

what does the median nerve branch to?

Answer 19

anterior interoseus nerve to deep flexor muscles

Question 20

where is median nerve?

Answer 20

• between FDS and FDP and passes throgh carpal tunnel

Question 21

what is the supply of the median nerve?

Answer 21

• Motor supply to anterior compartment except FCU/medial part of FDP
• Sensory supply to lateral palm + d1, d2, d3, ½ d4

Question 22

what is the supply of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 22

• Motor supply to FCU and medial part FDP
• Sensory supply to medial hand including ½ d4 + d5

Question 23

how does the radial nerve divide?

Answer 23

Divides into two branches:

• Superficial branch (sensory)

Under brachioradialis

Winds round to dorsum of hand

• Deep branch - posterior interosseous nerve (motor)

Passes through supinator muscle

Enters extensor compartment

Question 24

what does the radial nerve supply?

Answer 24

• Deep branch supplies posterior compartment
• Superficial branch supplies lat dorsum hand

Question 25

what are cutaneous innervations of arm?

Answer 25