anatomy of the forearm Flashcards
what are the different joints of the elbow?
synovial hinge joint- for flexion and extention
proximal radioulnar joint (pivot joint)- for supination and pronation
what are the different ligaments of the elbow?
radial collateral ligament- connects radius to humerus
ulnar collateral ligament- connects ular to humerus
anular ligament- connects radius and ulnar
what is inside the cubital fossa?
- biceps tendon
- brachial artery
- median nerve
what are the superficial muscles of the anterior compartemnt of the forearm?
flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
and pronator teres
what muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment?
flexor digitoum superficialis
what are the muscles of the deep layer of the anterior compartment?
- flexor pollicus longus
- flexor digitorum profundus
- pronator quadratus
what are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment?
arrising form the common extensor compartmet…
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor digitorium
- extensor digiti minimi
- extensor carpi ulnaris
and 2 others –> brachiradialis and anconeus
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?
BBC
- brachialis
- brachialis
- corocobrachialis
what are the functions of brachioradialis and anconeus?
brachioradialis- fles arm when its half pronated
anconeus- stabilises the elbow
which muscles are in the deep layer of the posterior compartment?
- supinator
thes rest form the anatomical snuff box..
- adductor longus
- extensor pollicus brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
- extensor indicis
which muscles cause abduction of the wrist?
flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
which muscles cause adduction of wrist?
flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris
what is the purpuse of the flexors and extensors of the radius and ulna?
splinting of the wrist to allow fine movement
which muslces are involved in supination?
- biceps brachii
- deep and superficial supinators
which muscles are involved in pronation?
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
what happens to arrangement of ulnar and radius during pronation?
radius rotates over the ular
what is inside the carpal tunnel?
- median nerve
- FPL
FDS
FDP
what does the median nerve branch to?
anterior interoseus nerve to deep flexor muscles
where is median nerve?
- between FDS and FDP and passes throgh carpal tunnel
what is the supply of the median nerve?
- Motor supply to anterior compartment except FCU/medial part of FDP
- Sensory supply to lateral palm + d1, d2, d3, ½ d4
what is the supply of the ulnar nerve?
- Motor supply to FCU and medial part FDP
- Sensory supply to medial hand including ½ d4 + d5
how does the radial nerve divide?
Divides into two branches:
- Superficial branch (sensory)
Under brachioradialis
Winds round to dorsum of hand
- Deep branch - posterior interosseous nerve (motor)
Passes through supinator muscle
Enters extensor compartment
what does the radial nerve supply?
- Deep branch supplies posterior compartment
- Superficial branch supplies lat dorsum hand
