Morphogenesis

Question 1

Name the 3 germ layers

Answer 1

endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm.

Question 2

What is gastrulation?

Answer 2

The process where the single layered blastula moves from a single layer to form 3 germ layers forming a gastrula.

Question 3

What does the mesoderm give rise to?

Answer 3

Most inner organs, heart, blood, bone, cartilage, muscle and kidney.

Question 4

What the endoderm give rise to?

Answer 4

yolk cells, gut and associated organs.

Question 5

What does the ectoderm give rise to?

Answer 5

The neural plate, neural crest cells, glia, neurons, placodes and epidermis

Question 6

What is the structure of a gastrula (inside-out)

Answer 6

archenteron cavity( primary gut/ digestive tube), endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm.

Question 7

What is epiboly?

Answer 7

The cellular/tissue rearrangement where cells stretch out to form a thinner layer so the ectoderm covers the whole embryo

Question 8

What cells migrate to different regions of the body?

Answer 8

Germ cells (primitive streak to gonads), neural crest cells.

Question 9

What cellular rearrangement does gastrulation start with?

Answer 9

Epithelial to mesenchymal. Cells detach from the hyaline layer and migrate into the blastocoel as single cells

Question 10

What are the 3 main points in morphology that occur in gastrulation

Answer 10

The true establishment of the A/P and D/V axis. The gut forms and the endoderm and mesoderm move inside the embryo.