Morbidity and Mortality

Question 1

A branch of medicine that studies how often diseases occurs in different groups of people and why.

Answer 1

Epidemiology

Question 2

To describe distribution pattern and history of a disease in a general population and to identify factors that cause disease and evaluate strategies for control management and prevention of disease.

Answer 2

Epidemiology

Question 3

It is used to plan and evaluate strategies to prevent illness and as a guide to the management of patients in whom disease is already developed.

Answer 3

Epidemiological information

Question 4

The proportion of a population who have a specific characteristic in a specific time.

Answer 4

Prevalence

Question 5

A measure of the number of new cases of a characteristic that develop in a population in a specific period.

Answer 5

Incidence

Question 6

Patterns of disease arrival; spread and decline.

Answer 6

Trends

Question 7

Longitudinal studies that follow participants over a period.

Answer 7

Cohort studies

Question 8

Helps in building an understanding of what factors increase or decrease the likelihood of developing disease.

Answer 8

Cohort studies

Question 9

An approach that follows research participants over a period of time.

Answer 9

Longitudinal study

Question 10

2 study methods?

Answer 10

Hard and soft science

Question 11

This includes equipment like swabs, testing, sampling and empirical data or evidences.

Answer 11

Hard science

Question 12

Supports the gathering of data over immediate, short medium, or long term.

Answer 12

Hard science

Question 13

This includes political and social issues, people’s experiences.

Answer 13

Soft science

Question 14

This includes studies about how people make decisions, choices or their ideas about health or illness which gives us a fuller picture and help us to explore the wider determinants of health.

Answer 14

Soft science

Question 15

Age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status distribution in the potentially affected community

Answer 15

Demographics

Question 16

The study of the genes in our DNA, their functions and their influence on the growth, development and working of the body

Answer 16

Genomics

Question 17

The rate of disease in a population

Answer 17

Morbidity

Question 18

A person has more than one illness

Answer 18

Co-morbidity

Question 19

The simultaneous presence of two or more diseases or medical conditions in a patient.

Answer 19

Co-morbidity

Question 20

Refers to the presence of 2 or more long-term health conditions, which include defined physical and mental health conditions

Answer 20

Multi-morbidity

Question 21

The number of deaths in a given area or period, or from a particular cause.

Answer 21

Mortality

Question 22

Unfair and avoidable differences in health across the population, and between different groups within society.

Answer 22

Health inequalities

Question 23

Sameness

Answer 23

Health inequalities

Question 24

the differences in health status or in the distribution of health resources between different population groups arising from social conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age

Answer 24

Health inequities

Question 25

Fairness

Answer 25

Health inequities

Question 26

Also known as health gradient

Answer 26

Social gradient

Question 27

Socio-economic circumstances benefit more than others, so not everyone has the same opportunities to lead a healthy life.

Answer 27

Social gradient

Question 28

‘the poorest of the poor, around the world, have the worst health’

Answer 28

Social gradient

Question 29

Provides organisations and communities with up-to-date and locally relevant public health intelligence

Answer 29

City health profile

Question 30

Provides local level information for targeting resources and priority setting

Answer 30

City health profile

Question 31

Identified clear gaps in health inequalities between social classes in 1980

Answer 31

The Black Report

Question 32

The purpose of the inquiry was to inform the development of the government’s public health strategy and in, particular to contribute to the forthcoming white paper, Our Healthier Nation

Answer 32

The Acheson Report

Question 33

LeDeR

Answer 33

Learning from lives and deaths - people with learning disability and autistic people

Question 34

Aims to deliver improved patient care and outcomes for over 10 year period.

Answer 34

NHS Long Term Plan

Question 35

Focuses on areas such as ‘supporting people to age well’ and ‘making sure everyone gets the best start in life’

Answer 35

NHS Long Term Plan

Question 36

The report considers immigration and patterns of settlement; the extent to which people from different backgrounds mix and get on together

Answer 36

The Casey Review

Question 37

A moral, social and economic program for the whole of government in how we will spread opportunity more equally across the UK.

Answer 37

Levelling Up

Question 38

A national NHS England approach to inform action to reduce healthcare inequalities at both national and system level.

Answer 38

Core20Plus5

Question 39

5 clinical areas of focus of Core20Plus5

Answer 39

maternity, severe mental illness, chronic respiratory disease, early cancer diagnosis, HTN and lipid optimal management

Question 40

It is care that is planned with people who work together to understand the service user and their carer(s), puts them in control and coordinates and delivers services to achieve the best outcomes.

Answer 40

Integrated care

Question 41

The ability of a person to effectively interact, work, and develop meaningful relationships with people of various cultural backgrounds.

Answer 41

Cultural competence

Question 42

Described as care that reflects “the ability to be appropriately responsive to the attitudes, feelings, or circumstances of groups of people that share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage”

Answer 42

Cultural sensitivity