Mood Disorders - Bipolar I Flashcards
Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar I
At least one Manic Episode
The manic episode may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or depressive episodes, but they are not required for diagnosis
DIG FAST
Mnemonic for Mania
D
Distractibility
I
Indiscretion (risky behavior, impulsivity)
G
Grandiosity
F
Flight of Ideas
A
Activity increase (goal-directed)
S
Sleep deficit (decreased need for sleep)
T
Talkativeness (pressured speech)
What episode is required for a diagnosis of Bipolar I?
At least one manic episode. Depressive or hypomanic episodes may occur but are not required.
What is the main difference between mania and hypomania?
Severity and impairment – Mania causes marked impairment or hospitalization; hypomania does not.
What does the specifier “with rapid cycling” mean?
4 or more mood episodes (mania, hypomania, or depression) within a 12-month period
What does “with mixed features” mean?
Presence of opposite mood symptoms during a manic, hypomanic, or depressive episode
(e.g., feeling hopeless during mania or feeling agitated during depression)
What does “with psychotic features” mean?
Delusions or hallucinations are present during mood episodes
What is the “seasonal pattern” specifier
Mood episodes occur at particular times of the year, often with depressive episodes in fall/winter
What does “with melancholic features” indicate?
Severe loss of pleasure, lack of reactivity, early morning waking, weight loss, guilt
What does “with atypical features” include?
Mood reactivity, weight gain, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, interpersonal rejection sensitivity
How long must a manic episode last?
At least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is needed)
To meet criteria for a manic episode, the DSM-5 requires:
A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is required),
AND
At least 3 (or more) of the following symptoms (or 4 if mood is only irritable): DIG FAST
