Mood Disorders

Question 1

What is a mood disorder?

Answer 1

Represent a spectrum of mood disturbance, from the extremely low mood to the extremely elevated mood.

Question 2

What are 2 examples of mood disorders?

Answer 2

1) Major depressive disorder

2) Bipolar disorder

Question 3

What is major depressive disorder?

Answer 3

Person experiences two or more weeks with five or more symptoms; at least one being either depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure.

Question 4

What is bipolar disorder?

Answer 4

Person experiences not only depression but also mania (impulsive behaviour).

Question 5

What are symptoms of mood disorders?

Answer 5

• Display of emotion with facial expression
• Lack of interest in previously pleasurable activities
• Lack of drive to completed goal-directed tasks
• Depressed, negative mood
• Changing, disconnected thoughts
• Inflated sense of self esteem
• Hypomania
• Increased physical movements
• Slowed speech
• Delusions or hallucinations

Question 6

What are symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Answer 6

• Depressed mood
• Anhedonia
• Weight loss
• Altered sleep
• Change in psychomotor behaviour
• Fatigue/loss of energy
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
• Impaired cognition

Question 7

What are symptoms of bipolar disorder?

Answer 7

• Grandiosity
• Minimal need for sleep
• Excessively talkative or having pressured speech
• Racing thoughts or flight of ideas
• Distractibility
• Excessive goal-directed activity
• Impulsivity or participation in dangerous or risky activities

Question 8

What is the impact of mood disorders on ADLs?

Answer 8

• Ability to care for personal health such as eating well, following a healthy diet, getting adequate sleep and exercising regularly can be impaired
• Symptoms can interfere with quality of self-care
• Decreased motivation for exercise, proper nutrition, grooming and personal hygiene
• Sleep patterns disturbed, poor sleep quality

Question 9

What is the impact of mood disorders on IADLs?

Answer 9

• Limits one’s ability to develop educational, social and work skills
• Difficulty managing daily activities such as work, school, parenting, caregiving, home maintenance, healthy leisure
• Lack education and training requirements for successful career, due to decreased motivation and inability to work
• Burst of energy prompt risky or dangerous activities

Question 10

What is the role of OT for those with mood disorders?

Answer 10

• Help to plan, initiate and track long/short term goals that enable participation
• Teach practical ways to cope (relaxation techniques)
• Hope clients better understand the condition
• Help replace unhealthy activities
• Assess, skills, interests, values, strengths to help maintain employment and manage equipment
• Implement activities to teach valuable skills
• Structure lives and organise daily activities