Monilophytes: Ferns - Polypodiopsida Flashcards
1
Q
Three classes of ferns
A
- Psilotopsida
- Marattiopsida
- Polypodiopsida
*** May not form a monophyletic group
2
Q
Polypodiopsida
A
Leptosporangiate ferns
Most diverse fern group
Mostly homosporous; one heterousporous order (water ferns = order salviniales)
3
Q
Frond
A
Fern leaf
4
Q
Once - pinnate
A
- Rachis - rama del medio
- Pinna - hoja
- Petiole (stipe) - donde empieza la rama
5
Q
Twice - Pinnate or bipinnate
A
- Rachis - rama del medio
- Pinna - conjunto de hojas
- Petiole (stipe) - dnd empieza la rama
- Pinnule - hoja sola
6
Q
Fiddleheads - Croziers
A
Immature leaf structures coiled
7
Q
Sori
A
groups of sporangia on abaxial side of leaf or on leaf margin
8
Q
Abaxial
A
side away from the axis (in leaves, underside)
9
Q
margin
A
edge of leaf lamina or blade
10
Q
indusium
A
outergrowth of leaf that covers sporangia
11
Q
Sporangia - EUSPORANGIUM
A
- > 1 initial (cell from from which sporangium develops)
- Wall >1 cell layer thick
- No annulus
- Bigger w/ more spores
- No stalk
- Living vascular plants excluding Polypodiopdisa
12
Q
Sporangia - LEPTOSPORANGIUM
A
- 1 initial (cell from which sporangium develops)
- Capsule wall 1 cell layer thick
- Annulus
- Smaller w/ fewer spores
- Often a stalk
- Polypodiosida
13
Q
Annulus
A
Row of cells with partially tickened walls on sporangium capsule
Bends back and snaps foward, catapulting spores
14
Q
Prothallus
A
- Gametophyte
- Usually heart-shaped
- Bisexual
15
Q
Water Ferns
A
- Order within Polypodiopsida
- Includes five genera in two families:
a. one famili rhizomatous forms
b. one family floating forms - The only living heterosporous ferns!
