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PBIO > Lab Practical > Flashcards

Lab Practical Flashcards

1
Q

Synapomorphy

A

Shared apomorphies, “derived” or more recently evolved characteristcs shared among closely related organisms

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2
Q

Monophyletic

A

Includes the most recent common ancestor and all of its dependents

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3
Q

Paraphyletic

A

Includes the most recent common ancestor but not all of its dependents

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4
Q

Polyphyletic

A

Does not include common ancestor

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5
Q

Cladistics

A

Method for determining the evolutionary relationships among a group of taxa

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6
Q

Spirogyra, undergoes sexual reproduction and exhibits a…

A

zygotic meiotic life cycle

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7
Q

Land plants such as Marchantia, exhibit a…

A

sporic meiotic life cycle

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8
Q

Zygotic Life Cycle

A

Zygote (2n) -> Meiosis 4 haploid cells (n) -> 2 Haploid Individuals (n) -> 2 gametes (n) -> Fertilization (n) -> start over

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9
Q

Sporic Life Cycle

A

Sporophyte (2n) -> Meiosis (2n) -> Spores (n) -> mitosis (n) -> gametophyte -> gametes -> zygote (2n) -> mitosis (2n) -> start over

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10
Q

Antheridium

A

male part of seedless plants

paraphyses
sterile jacket
spermatogenous
stalk

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11
Q

Archegonium

A

female part of seedless plants

neck
ventor
egg
stalk

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12
Q

Vascular Plants

A

Have a conducting system consisting of:
Phloem (food conducting tissue)
Xylem (water conducting tissue)

They have true stems, leaves and roots.

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13
Q

Aglaophyton

A

Non Vascular Plants

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14
Q

Rhynia

A

Vascular Plants

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15
Q

Monosporangiate

A

Make male or female gametes but not both

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16
Q

Polysporangiate

A

Make male or female gametes

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17
Q

Lycopodium

A

clubmosses, ground pines

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18
Q

Selaginella

A

scale-like leaves

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19
Q

Isoetes

A

parece grama

20
Q

Lycophytes have…

A 
microphylls
strobili
sporophylls
megasporangia
microsporangia
21
Q

Selanginellaceae and Isoetaceae

A

heterosporous

ligules present on their leaves

22
Q

Monilophytes

A

Psilotopsida - Ferns
Marattiopsida - Ferns
Polypodiopsida - Ferns
Equisetopsida - Horsetails

23
Q

Psilotopsida

A

Psilotum, whisk fern
synangium
enation

24
Q

Polypodiopsida

A

Leptosporangium, sporangia arising from single cells and have annulus

25
Q

Equisetopsida

A

Equisetum, horstails. homosporous (strobili, node, internode)

26
Q

Sporophyte

A

Produces spores from sporangia

27
Q

Ferns have…

A

megaphylls

28
Q

Name of for the specialized structure coiled around the spores of Equisetum

A

elater

29
Q

4 phyla of the living gymnosperms

A

conifer, cycads, ginko and gnetophyta

30
Q

Lignophytes

A

bifacial vascular cambium
heterospory
seeds

31
Q

monoecious

A

“one house” both ovulate and seed cones

conifer

32
Q

dioecious

A

separate male and female plants
cycads
ginko

33
Q

pollen grain is a …

A

microgametophyte

34
Q

conifer strobili produces…

A

pollen

35
Q

Regular Symmetry

A

can be divided in three or more identical sectors

36
Q

Irregular Symmetry

A

Flower can only be divided by only a single plane into two mirror-image halves

37
Q

Adnate Fusion

A

the fusion of different parts of a flower

38
Q

Connate

A

the fusion of like/same parts of the flower

39
Q

Superior Ovary Position

A

ovary attached to the receptacle above the attachment of other floral parts

40
Q

Inferior Ovary Position

A

Ovary lies below the attachment of other floral parts

41
Q

hypogynous

A

having the stamens and other floral parts situated below the carpels

42
Q

perigynous

A

having the stamens and other floral parts situated at the same level as the carpels

43
Q

epigynous

A

having the ovary enclosed in the receptacle, with the stamens and other floral parts situated above.

44
Q

complete

A

all 4 whorls are on it

45
Q

incomplete

A

1 or more whorls are missing

46
Q

perfect

A

stamen and pistils are present

47
Q

imperfect

A

contains stamen or pistil

PBIO (14 decks)

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