molecules3 (proteins) lesson4

Question 1

protein monomer

Answer 1

amino acids.

Question 2

protein Function

Answer 2

Movement-muscles
Enzymes- Amylase
Helps genetic packaging– Histones
Hormones- Insulin/Glucagon
Transportation- channels
lipoproteins
Hemoglobin - globin=protein
Immunity- Immunoglobulin(IG)-נוגדנים
Cell structure- cytoskeleton
Receptors
Maintain blood oncotic pressure- Albumin

Question 3

An amino acid is

Answer 3

a molecule with an amino group and a carboxyl group attached to the alpha carbon.
It is the monomer of proteins. All amino acids have the same functional groups - the difference between them is in the R Group (side chain).

Question 4

There are 10 a.a. (amino acids) our body cannot produce

Answer 4

PVT. TIM HALL-
Phenylalanine
Valine
Tryptophan
Threonine
Isoleucine
Methionine
Histidine
Alanine
Leucine
Lysine

Question 5

what bond binds amino acids together

Answer 5

peptide bond

Question 6

peptide bond

Answer 6

A chemical bond where a carboxyl group of one amino acid, binds to an amino group of another amino acid, releasing H20 in the process (condensation).

Question 7

Primary structure of a protein

Answer 7

A sequence of amino acids bounded by a peptic bond, forming a polypeptide chain. The primary structure is determined by the DNA

Question 8

Secondary structure of a protein

Answer 8

Hydrogen bonds occur between the side chains of the amino acids, creating a-helix / B-sheath pleated structures.

Question 9

Tertiary structure of a protein

Answer 9

Complete 3D structure of the protein. Formed by
Hydrogen bonds, van der waals, ionic bonds, disulfide Bridges, hydrophobic bonds polar bonds.
Some of the proteins complete their structure at this level, and remain relatively small. An example is myoglobin

Question 10

Quaternary structure of a protein

Answer 10

Formed in proteins that consist of more than one polypeptide chain. They connect together to create a larger molecule.
They are formed together by: hydrogen bonds, Vander waals, disulfide bridges, ionic bonds, hydrophobic bonds.
Example: hemoglobin- consists of 4 polypeptide chains and contains a heme group

Question 11

Disulfide bridges

Answer 11

a connection of two sulfurs from two Cystine amino acids, and only cysteine (C-S-S-C).

Question 12

Denatured protein

Answer 12

a protein that loses its structure due to exposure to high temperatures or
extreme Ph, its tertiary structure is destroyed