Molecules of life

Question 1

What percentage of our body is water

Answer 1

50 to 70 percent

Question 2

What does water do in out body

Answer 2

act as a polar solvent in virtually all reactions (most important function)

but it also allows molecules to move around

solubilizes ions

It not only acts as a solvent but also as a reactant and product (metabolic water)

Question 3

What are the five molecules of life

Answer 3

Water
proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids

Question 4

What are substances that dissolve in water called

Answer 4

Hydrophylic

Question 5

What are substances that don’t dissolve in water called

Answer 5

hydrophobic

Question 6

What are common monosaccarides

Answer 6

(Pentoses, 5 carbon atoms)
Ribose
Deoxyribose

(hexoses, 6 carbon atoms)
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 7

What forms when two monosaccharides join together

Answer 7

disaccharide

Question 8

what is the bond between disaccharides called

Answer 8

Glycosidic bond

Question 9

what forms when a glucose and a fructose join

Answer 9

sucrose

Question 10

What forms when a galactose and a glucose join

Answer 10

Maltose

Question 11

What kind of bond do polysaccharides use

Answer 11

alpha 1 to 6 glycosidic bond

Question 12

What is the only polysaccharide produced by the body

Answer 12

glycogen, which consists of sugar molecules joined together and have side chains

Question 13

Which is the carbohydrate polymer in plants

Answer 13

starch

Question 14

What is the function of glucose in the body

Answer 14

To generate energy

it is for most cells the primary energy source

Question 15

What is the function of galactose and fructose in the body

Answer 15

to be converted into glucose to generate energy, to be metabolized

Question 16

What is the function of sucrose, lactose and maltose, (disaccharides) in the body

Answer 16

to be broken down into their respective monosaccharides and used for energy production

Question 17

What does glycogen do and where is it stored

Answer 17

It is stored in the liver and it is used for storage of glucose

Question 18

Why does the the body can’t break down cellulose

Answer 18

because it has different glycocidic bonds

Question 19

What is a Glycoprotein

Answer 19

a protein with a small amount of glycogen attached

Question 20

What is a glycolipid

Answer 20

a lipid with a small amount of glycogen attached

Question 21

what is a proteoglycan

Answer 21

a carbohydrate with a small amount of protein attached

Question 22

What are the three processes or metabolize sugar into ATP

Answer 22

Glycolisis
Krebs cycle
and electron transport chain

Question 23

What is ATP

Answer 23

a ribose unit, attached to an organic base, adenine and three phosphate groups

Question 24

What bonds join the phosphates in the ATP molecule

Answer 24

phosphodiester bonds

Question 25

What kind of molecule are bile acids

Answer 25

lipid

Question 26

What kind of molecule is cholesterol

Answer 26

lipid