Molecular Genetics Lesson 1

Question 1

What are the two strands that wrap around each other to form a double helix

Answer 1

Polynucleotide

Question 2

nitrogenous bases are binded to the

Answer 2

sugar

Question 3

purines are

Answer 3

a and g (double ringed)

Question 4

Pyrimidines are

Answer 4

C, T, U (single ringed)

Question 5

A and T have how many h-bonds?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

C and g have how many h-bonds?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

The 5’ end of DNA is attached to the

Answer 7

phosphate group

Question 8

The 3’end of DNA is attached to the

Answer 8

hydroxyl

Question 9

In prokaryotes, bacteria is compacted into the ____ through ______

Answer 9

nucleoid, supercoiling

Question 10

what are plasmids

Answer 10

small, circular, or linear dna molecules that are not part of the nucleoid and carry non-essential genes. Haploid

Question 11

What are the two organelles that carry their own DNA

Answer 11

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria

Question 12

If you lined up all of the DNA in one cell it would reach

Answer 12

2m

Question 13

The diameter of the nucleus is

Answer 13

4x10-6 m

Question 14

At the simplest level, chromatin is

Answer 14

a double stranded helical structure that is 2nm high.

Question 15

DNA is complexed with

Answer 15

8 histones that form nucleosomes when wrapped with DNA 1.65 times

Question 16

The width of a chromosome is

Answer 16

1400nm

Question 17

A chromosome with one molecule of DNA is called

Answer 17

an unduplicated chromosome

Question 18

a duplicated chromosome contains

Answer 18

two identical daughter DNA molecules

Question 19

Chromatid vs chromosomes

Answer 19

when 2 DNA molecules are joined together, each molecule is a chromatid. The two molecules together is called a duplicated chromosome. When a DNA molecule is not attached to another one then that single molecules is an unduplicated chromosome.

Question 20

What is a centromere

Answer 20

where the spindle fibers attach to the chromosome