Molecular Genetics

Question 0

Purines

Answer 0

Adenine and guanine, double ringed

Question 1

Pyrimidines

Answer 1

Cytosine and guanine, single ringed

Question 2

How can you tell a new strand from the old strand immediately after replication

Answer 2

Methylation which occurs as DNA ages

Question 3

A complete genome is present in every one of your _____ cells

Answer 3

Autosomal

Question 4

What unwinds the helix

Answer 4

Helicase

Question 5

What keeps the strands unwound

Answer 5

Single strand binding proteins (SSB)

Question 6

DNA gyrase

Answer 6

A topoisomerase which relieves overwound DNA resulting from uncoiling by introducing negative supercoils

Question 7

DNA polymerase

Answer 7

Adds individual nucleotides

Question 8

mRNA in eukaryotes is ______, it only translates into one product. In bacteria it is ______.

Answer 8

Monocistronic, polycistronic

Question 9

rRNA

Answer 9

Plays an important part of ribosomes

Question 10

Template strand is

Answer 10

Antisense

Question 11

Promoters

Answer 11

Specialized regions that signal where to begin transcription

Question 12

Termination sequence

Answer 12

RNA polymerase dissociates

Question 13

3 ways of processing

Answer 13

1. A 5’ guanosyl cap
2. A poly-A tail
3. Introns must be removed

Question 14

Processing happens where

Answer 14

Nucleus

Question 15

How many codons can you make with three amino acids

Answer 15

64

Question 16

What role does peptidyl transferase play in protein synthesis

Answer 16

It catalyses the formation of a peptide bond

Question 17

Which stages of protein synthesis require energy?

Answer 17

All of them

Question 18

Topoisomerase are enzymes involved in

Answer 18

DNA replication

Question 19

In the trp operon

Answer 19

Transcription is the norm unless a repressor bind

Question 20

Which codons, when in the A site, start termination

Answer 20

UGA UAA UAG

Question 21

Some RNA viruses replicate using what enzyme

Answer 21

RNA replicase

Question 22

Integrase

Answer 22

Puts DNA copy into the host genome

Question 23

Virion

Answer 23

A new viral particle

Question 24

What’s it called when a virus leaves via exocytosis

Answer 24

Extrusion

Question 25

What is bacteria in the lytic phase called

Answer 25

Virulent

Question 26

Plasmids called ____ are capable of integrating into the genome

Answer 26

Episomes

Question 27

How many ori do bacteria have

Answer 27

1

Question 28

Transformation

Answer 28

Integration of foreign chromosome

Question 29

Conjugation

Answer 29

Involves a cytoplasmic bridge from donor male (+) to recipient female (-) made from sex pilli

Question 30

Usually the bridge collapses before the full DNA sequence can be moved in conjugation. Cells that have undergone the change are refered to as

Answer 30

Hfr or high frequency of recombination

Question 31

Transduction is

Answer 31

The carry over using viruses

Question 32

Promoter

Answer 32

Where RNA polymerase binds

Question 33

operator consists of

Answer 33

nontranscribable region of DNA that can bind a repressor protein

Question 34

what codes a repressor

Answer 34

regulator

Question 35

Inducible systems require the presence of a compound known as an ____

Answer 35

Inducer