Immune System Flashcards
Mast Cell
Innate cell that releases histamine and other chemicals to promote inflammation
Macrophage
This immune defender engulfs and consumes pathogen invaders
Granulocyte
Three innate cells (neutrophil, eisinophil, basophil) with tiny granules that participate in immune response
Dendritic cell
Innate cell that presents antigens to adaptive immune cells inducing the cells to attack bearers of the displayed antigens
Natural killer cell
Innate cell that destroys the body’s own cells that have become infected with pathogens
T cell
Adaptive killer T cell destroys an infected cell in which it detects the presence of antigens. Helper and regulatory T cells coordinate the immune response
B cell
Adaptive B cell is stimulated by antigens to divide and produce antibodies that neutralize invaders t tag them for killing. Mature in the spleen, they are a type of lymphocyte
Antibodies
Bind to antigens: can attract other leukocytes or clump together to allow it to be phagocytized. Made up of two heavy chains and two light chains held together by disulfide and covalent likages. Other part is known as constant region
Three types of T cells
Helper, suppressor, and killer(cytotoxic)
Helper T cells
Express CD4 cell surface protein. Create chemicals called lymphokines which coordinate immune response. These can take old immune cells and use them
Cytotoxic T cells
Directly kill vitally infected cells by secreting toxic chemicals
Suppressor T cells
Tone down response when infection has subsided
A lack of B cells causes
Lack of antibodies is caused by
A lack of T cells causes
A lowered response to fungi and viruses is caused by
Passive immunity
When antibodies but not B cells are transferred to an individual giving them immunity
