Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 3 (Translation)

Question 1

Translation

Answer 1

the process of converting nucleic acid information into amino acids

Question 2

3 sites in the larger subunit of the ribosome

Answer 2

1. E site: Exit site
2. P site: Peptidyl site
3. A site: Acetyl site

Question 3

where do the anticodons attach

Answer 3

anticodon for methionine attaches to the peptidyl site of the larger subunit of the ribosome

rest of them attach to the acetyl site

Question 4

Features of translation in bacteria (prokaryotes)

Answer 4

1. 70s ribosomes
2. fMet is the amino acid carried by initiator tRNA
3. Shine-Dalgarno sequence present in mRNA
4. Simultaneous transcription and translation

EXACTLY OPPOSITE IN EUKARYOTES

Question 5

amino-acyl tRNA synthetase

Answer 5

The aminoacyl tRNA synthetase enzyme catalyses the bond of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to its respective amino acid

Question 6

Goal of Human Genome Project

Answer 6

• Optimization of the data analysis.
• Sequencing the entire genome.
• Identification of the complete human genome.
• Creating genome sequence databases to store the data.
• Taking care of the legal, ethical and social issues that the project may pose.

Question 7

EST

Answer 7

method to sequence human genome in HGP

identify Expressed Sequence Tags or ESTs are genes that are expressed as RNA in the body.

Question 8

Sequence annotation

Answer 8

method to sequence human genome in HGP

sequence the whole set of the genome that comprise all the exons and introns, and later assigning different regions in the sequence with functions. This method is called sequence annotation.

Question 9

Rice Genome Project
application

Answer 9

• Rice mutants in large numbers and types have been created intentionally. It aids in the enhancement of molecular products.
• Rice genomics is an open-access journal dedicated to rice genome research.