modules 46-48: psychological disorders part 2

Question 1

what is fear?

Answer 1

set of responses to perceived danger, and prepares the organism for immediate flight

Question 2

what is anxiety?

Answer 2

sense of apprehension about impending real or imagined threat or danger, course of action is not clear

Question 3

what are anxiety DISORDERS?

Answer 3

conditions in which fear and/or anxiety are experienced as the core of the disturbance

Question 4

what is a specific phobia?

Answer 4

intense, persistent fear of specific objects or situations that pose little to no threat

Question 5

what is alektorophobia?

Answer 5

the fear of chickens

Question 6

what is aulophobia?

Answer 6

the fear of flutes

Question 7

what is cathisophobia?

Answer 7

the fear of sitting down

Question 8

define panic disorder?

Answer 8

a disorder in which someone gets frequent panic attacks that do not occur for a specific reason

Question 9

what is a panic attack?

Answer 9

a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort, happens outside of actual danger

Question 10

what are the symptoms of a panic attack?

Answer 10

palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath

Question 11

what is OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder)?

Answer 11

marked by obsessions and compulsions ( explanations in other flashcards)

Question 12

what are obsessions?

Answer 12

urges or intrusive thoughts that the person cannot control

Question 13

what are compulsions?

Answer 13

repetitive behaviors or acts that must be performed in response to an obsession.

Question 14

what is post-traumatic stress disorder?

Answer 14

extreme response to a severe stressor, relating to a traumatic event that threatened or involved injury or death

Question 15

what are mood disorders?

Answer 15

category of disorders described by discrete periods of time where behaviors are dominated by a depressed or manic mood

Question 16

what is major depressive disorder?

Answer 16

characterized by sad mood and/or loss of interest or pleasure, for at least 2 weeks

Question 17

what are some symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Answer 17

sleeping too much/too little, weight loss/weight gain, loss of energy

Question 18

what is mania?

Answer 18

a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week

Question 19

what are some symptoms of bipolar disorder?

Answer 19

unusual talkativeness, decreased need for sleep, increased distractibility

Question 20

what is hypomania?

Answer 20

symptoms of mania, but less intense, and shorter duration

Question 21

what are some differences between bipolar disorder I and II?

Answer 21

I- at least one manic episode, major depressive episode may be likely
II- at least one major depressive episode

Question 22

what are the Criteria A symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 22

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, negative symptoms

Question 23

what are delusions?

Answer 23

ideas that someone believes is true but is often impossible, and highly unlikely

ex: persecutory delusions ( someone is out to get them)

Question 24

what are hallucinations?

Answer 24

false perceptual experiences without external stimuli that would provoke those perceptions

ex: auditory hallucinations ( hearing voices)

Question 25

describe disorganized speech as relating to schizophrenia.

Answer 25

• slipping from one topic to another with little coherence ( derailment)
• answer questions with responses that have nothing to do with the question (tangential)
• made-up words that only make sense to them ( neologisms)
• rhyming words that are injected into sentences ( clang associations)

Question 26

describe Cluster A of personality disorders.

Answer 26

characterized by odd or eccentric behavior

ex: paranoid disorder, schiziod/schizotypal disorders

Question 27

describe Cluster B of personality disorders.

Answer 27

dramatic, erratic, and emotional behaviors

ex: antisocial, borderline, narcissistic personality disorders

Question 28

describe cluster C of personality disorders.

Answer 28

characterized by anxious or fearful behavior

ex: avoidant, dependent personality disorders, and OCD

Question 29

describe antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD)

Answer 29

• behavior is aggressive and impulsive
• more common in men than women
• disregard for other people

Question 30

describe borderline personality disorder (BPD)

Answer 30

• polarized thinking ( all good or all bad)
• impulsivity and instability in relationships and mood
• sensitive to emotions from others

Question 31

what are some “symptoms” of BPD?

Answer 31

unstable sense of self, frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, poorly controlled anger

Question 32

describe narcissistic personality disorder. (NPD)

Answer 32

• grandiose sense of self
• extremely self-centered
• lack empathy, and use people for personal gain

Question 33

describe dissociative identity disorder (DID).

Answer 33

• two distinct personalities that act independently of each other